小儿腹泻重度脱水伴低血容量休克，应首选的液体是

女，10岁。水肿，尿色红3天入院，查体：颜面眼睑水肿，心肺听诊无异常，尿常规有红细胞(+++)，蛋白(+)，患儿半月前患扁桃体炎。为明确诊断，最有意义的检查为（    ）

下列关于估计可变对价的例外规定和授予知识产权许可的相关表述，正确的是（   ）。

在我国 ，目前慢性肾衰竭最常见的病因是

Passage1

In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this.

Onereason is economi

In atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialize

By theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.

However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worl

Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth.

Clearly,other factors are involve

Themost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women.

Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families.

Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success.       (495 words)

According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an _______.

泄泻证属肾阳虚衰的治法是（  ）

银行向集团客户发放贷款时，最关键的问题是（）。

患者，女，5岁。大便干结7天。腹胀腹痛，面红身热，口干口臭，心烦不安，小便短赤，舌红苔黄燥，脉滑数，其治法是(    )

七大洲中海岸线最长和海岸线最复杂曲折的洲分别是 ( )。

施工单位在施工中发现施工图纸与现场实际情况不符时，应(　)。

细菌"核质以外的遗传物质"指