手少阴心经循行联络的脏腑有

不由肝脏产生的血浆蛋白是（）。

根据企业破产法律制度的规定，第一次债权人会议的召集主体是（ ）。

青年李某，右下腹疼痛难忍，到医院就诊。经医师检查、检验，当即诊断为急性阑尾炎，遂对其施行阑尾炎切除术。手术情况正常，但拆线时发现伤口愈合欠佳，有淡黄色液体渗出。手术医师告知，此系缝合切口的羊肠线不为李某的人体组织吸收所致，在临床中少见。经过近1个月的继续治疗，李某获得痊愈。根据《医疗事故处理条例》规定，李某被拖延近1个月后才得以痊愈这一客观后果，应当属于

某化工厂企业在设施改造过程中，发生有毒气体泄漏爆炸事故，造成3人死亡，53人急性工业中毒，直接经济损失680万元。依据《生产安全事故报告和调查处理条例》(国务院令第493号)，该事故的等级是(  )。

牡蛎的药用部位是（   ）

Passage 2

Everyone knows that English departments are in trouble, but you can't appreciate just how much trouble until you read the new report from the Modern Language Association. The report is about Ph.D. programs, which have been in decline since 2008. These programs have gotten both more difficult and less rewarding: today, it can take almost a decade to get a doctorate, and, at the end of your program, you' re unlikely to find a tenure-track job.

The core of the problem is, of course, the job market. The M.L.A. report estimates that only sixty per cent of newly-minted Ph.D.s will find tenure-track jobs after graduation. If anything, that's wildly optimistic: the M.L.A. got to that figure by comparing the number of tenure-track jobs on its job list(around six hundred) with the number of new graduates(about a thousand). But that leaves out the thousands of unemployed graduates from past years who are still job-hunting-not to mention the older professors who didn't receive tenure, and who now find themselves competing with their former students. In all likelihood, the number of jobs per candidate is much smaller than the report suggests. That's why the mood is so dire-why even professors are starting to ask, in the committee's words, "Why maintain doctoral study in the modern languages and literatures-or the rest of the humanities-at all?"

Those trends, in turn, are part of an even larger story having to do with the expansion and transformation of American education after the Second World War. Essentially, colleges grew less elite and more vocational. Before the war, relatively few people went to college. Then, in the nineteen-fifties, the G.I. Bill and, later, the Baby Boom pushed colleges to grow rapidly. When the boom ended, colleges found themselves overextended and competing for students. By the mid-seventies, schools were creating new programs designed to attract a broader range of students-for instance, women and minorities.

Those reforms worked: as Nate Silver reported in the Times last summer, about twice as many people attend college per capita now as did forty years ago. But all that expansion changed colleges.

In the past, they had catered to elite students who were happy to major in the traditional liberal arts. Now, to attract middle-class students, colleges had to offer more career-focused majors, in fields like business, communications, and health care. As a result, humanities departments have found themselves drifting away from the center of the university. Today, they are often regarded as a kind of institutional luxury, paid for by dynamic, cheap, and growing programs in, say, adult-education. These large demographic facts are contributing to today's job-market crisis: they' re why, while education as a whole is growing, the humanities aren't.

Given all this, what can an English department do? The M.L.A. report contains a number of suggestions. Pride of place is given to the idea that grad school should be shorter: "Departments should design programs that can be completed in five years."That will probably require changing the dissertation from a draft of an academic book into something shorter and simpler. At the same time, graduate students are encouraged to "broaden" themselves: to "engage more deeply with technology"; to pursue unusual and imaginative dissertation projects; to work in more than one discipline; to acquire teaching skills aimed at online and community-college students; and to take workshops on subjects, such as project management and grant writing, which might be of value outside of academia. Graduate programs, the committee suggests, should accept the fact that many of their students will have non-tenured, or even non-academic, careers. They should keep track of what happens to their graduates, so that students who decide to leave academia have a non-academic alumni network to draw upon.

What does the author mean by saying "that's wildly optimistic" in Paragraph 2?

《儿童权利公约》所确定的保护儿童的基本原则不包括（）。

根据税收征收管理法律制度的规定，纳税人发生的下列行为中，属于逃税行为的是（）。

美国炮制“庚款兴学”的目的是（　　）。

关于自然主义自然法，下列说法中错误的是（   ）。