某集团公司安全管理部门在年终开展HSE绩效评审时,发现去年子公司A发生的事故,今年在子公司B和C都有发生,公司管理层认为企业安全文化在某些方面需要提升和完善,依据《企业安全文化建设导则》(AQ/T9004-2008),该集团公司针对上述事故应重点加强的安全文化建设基本要素是( )。
某网络计划中, 已知工作M的持续时间为6天, 总时差和自由时差分别为3天和1天, 检查中发现该工作实际持续时间为9天, 则其对工程的影响是( )。
患者经断后阴道出血,量少,色淡,质稀,气短懒言,神疲肢倦,食少腹胀,胁肋胀满,舌苔薄白,脉弦无力。其治法是
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Scientistshave found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take amoment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or eveneliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.
Snapdecisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whethersomeone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react veryquickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. Toaccurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least aminute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects ofpersonality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.
Butsnap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonalrealm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-foodlogo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, eventhough reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fastfood with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever elsewe're doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musicalpiece lasts too long.
Yet we can reverse suchinfluences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housingoptions when we see a happy face (onereason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling),we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are morelikely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understandtheir biases-or hire outside screeners.
John Gottman,the marriage expert, explains that we quickly "thin slice" information reliably only after we ground suchsnap reactions in "thicksliced" long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invitesthem to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not twoseconds.
Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactionsby pausing is what differentiates us from animals dogs can think about thefuture only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spentabout 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technologymight change the way we react, it hasn't changed our nature. We still have theimaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.
To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should______ .