关于管道基础说法错误的是（   ）。

形成泥石流的基本条件不包含（   ）。

某地药品监督管理部门接到多名患者举报 ，反映使用在某药店购买的“阿莫西林胶囊”后发生腹痛腹泻 。药品监督管理部门经过调查后确认该药为劣药，其法定依据是

下列腧穴中，常用于治疗中风、痴呆的是

Passage1

Today's adults grew up in schools designed to sort us into the various segments of our social and economic system. The amount of time available to learn was fixed: one year per grade. The amount learned by the end of that time was free to vary: some of us learned a great deal；some，very little. As we advanced through the grades，those who had learned a great deal in previous grades continued to build on those foundations. Those who had failed to master the early prerequisites within the allotted time failed to learn that which followed. After 12 or 13 years of cumulative treatment of this kind，we were，in effect，spread along an achievement continuum that was ultimately reflected in each student's rank in class upon graduation.

From the very earliest grades, some students learned a great deal very quickly and consistently scored high on assessments. The emotional effect of this was to help them to see themselves as capable learners, and so these students became increasingly confident in school. That confidence gave them the inner emotional strength to take the risk of striving for more success because they believed that success was within their reach. Driven forward by this optimism, these students continued to try hard, and that effort continued to result in success for them. They became the academic and emotional winners. Notice that the trigger for their emotional strength and their learning success was their perception of their success on formal and informal assessments.

But there were other students who didn't fare so well. They scored very low on tests, beginning in the earliest grades. The emotional effect was to cause them to question their own capabilities as learners. They began to lose confidence, which, in turn, deprived them of the emotional reserves needed to continue to take risks. As their motivation warned, of course, their performance plummeted. These students embarked on what they believed to be an irreversible slide toward inevitable failure and lost hope. Once again, the emotional trigger for their decision not to try was their perception of their performance on assessments.

Consider the reality-indeed, the paradox-of the schools in which we were reared. If some students worked hard and learned a lot, that was a positive result, and they would finish high in the rank order. But if some students gave up in hopeless failure, that was an acceptable result, too, because they would occupy places very low in the rank order. Their achievement results fed into the implicit mission of schools: the greater the spread of achievement among students, the more it reinforced the rank order. This is why, if some students gave up and stopped trying (even dropped out of school), that was regarded as the student's problem, not the teacher's or the school's.

Once again, please notice who is using test results to decide whether to strive for excellence or give up in hopelessness. The"data-based decision makers" in this process are students themselves.

Students are deciding whether success is within or beyond reach, whether the learning is worth the required effort, and so whether to try or not. The critical emotions underpinning the decision making process include anxiety, fear of failure, uncertainty, and unwillingness to take risks-all triggered by students' perceptions of their own capabilities as reflected in assessment results.

Some students responded to the demands of such environments by working hard and learning a great deal. Others controlled their anxiety by giving up and not caring. The result for them is exactly the opposite of the one society wants. Instead of leaving no child behind, these practices, in effect, drove down the achievement of at least as many students as they successfully elevated. And the evidence suggests that the downside victims are more frequently members of particular socioeconomic and ethnic minorities.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "plummeted" in Paragraph 3?

下列选项中，对概念所作概括，正确的一项是( )。

二级医院负责中药饮片验收的应当是（）

根据记忆规律的特点，学习了一篇作文之后，记忆效果最好的是（ ）。

男，70岁。全腹胀痛2个月，伴渐进性排便困难，从每日1次到2～3天1次，大便有黏液或带血。体检：贫血貌、腹膨隆、未见肠型、肠鸣音亢进、未及肿块，其诊断可能是（   ）。

患者，男，56 岁。患类风湿关节炎 20 年，全身关节活动受限，生活部分自理。3 天前患者企图自杀被家人发现，及时将其送往医院接受诊疗，门诊以 “重度抑郁症” 收治入院。在实施患者的入院护理时需要避免的做法是（   ）

张某是某医疗机构的医师，该医疗机构被市卫生局指定为艾滋病的定点咨询和初检机构。某日，正在张某值班过程中，艾滋病感染者刘某前来咨询，张某由于心里对艾滋病的恐惧，拒绝为刘某进行免费咨询，则对张某市卫生局应当作出的处罚是