根据《担保法》规定，办理财产抵押贷款的，除签订抵押合同外，还应（  ）才能取得贷款。

There's a lot of food left over from the party; you ____ so many dishes.

患者，男，42岁。呼吸气促，喉中哮鸣有声，胸闷如窒，口不渴，形寒畏冷，面色晦暗，舌苔白滑，脉弦紧。治疗应首选（     ）

下列关于釉质发育不全的描述 ，不符合的是（ ）

下列病机中，不属于胎黄病机的是

Passage 2

Everyone knows that English departments are in trouble, but you can't appreciate just how much trouble until you read the new report from the Modern Language Association. The report is about Ph.D. programs, which have been in decline since 2008. These programs have gotten both more difficult and less rewarding: today, it can take almost a decade to get a doctorate, and, at the end of your program, you' re unlikely to find a tenure-track job.

The core of the problem is, of course, the job market. The M.L.A. report estimates that only sixty per cent of newly-minted Ph.D.s will find tenure-track jobs after graduation. If anything, that's wildly optimistic: the M.L.A. got to that figure by comparing the number of tenure-track jobs on its job list(around six hundred) with the number of new graduates(about a thousand). But that leaves out the thousands of unemployed graduates from past years who are still job-hunting-not to mention the older professors who didn't receive tenure, and who now find themselves competing with their former students. In all likelihood, the number of jobs per candidate is much smaller than the report suggests. That's why the mood is so dire-why even professors are starting to ask, in the committee's words, "Why maintain doctoral study in the modern languages and literatures-or the rest of the humanities-at all?"

Those trends, in turn, are part of an even larger story having to do with the expansion and transformation of American education after the Second World War. Essentially, colleges grew less elite and more vocational. Before the war, relatively few people went to college. Then, in the nineteen-fifties, the G.I. Bill and, later, the Baby Boom pushed colleges to grow rapidly. When the boom ended, colleges found themselves overextended and competing for students. By the mid-seventies, schools were creating new programs designed to attract a broader range of students-for instance, women and minorities.

Those reforms worked: as Nate Silver reported in the Times last summer, about twice as many people attend college per capita now as did forty years ago. But all that expansion changed colleges.

In the past, they had catered to elite students who were happy to major in the traditional liberal arts. Now, to attract middle-class students, colleges had to offer more career-focused majors, in fields like business, communications, and health care. As a result, humanities departments have found themselves drifting away from the center of the university. Today, they are often regarded as a kind of institutional luxury, paid for by dynamic, cheap, and growing programs in, say, adult-education. These large demographic facts are contributing to today's job-market crisis: they' re why, while education as a whole is growing, the humanities aren't.

Given all this, what can an English department do? The M.L.A. report contains a number of suggestions. Pride of place is given to the idea that grad school should be shorter: "Departments should design programs that can be completed in five years."That will probably require changing the dissertation from a draft of an academic book into something shorter and simpler. At the same time, graduate students are encouraged to "broaden" themselves: to "engage more deeply with technology"; to pursue unusual and imaginative dissertation projects; to work in more than one discipline; to acquire teaching skills aimed at online and community-college students; and to take workshops on subjects, such as project management and grant writing, which might be of value outside of academia. Graduate programs, the committee suggests, should accept the fact that many of their students will have non-tenured, or even non-academic, careers. They should keep track of what happens to their graduates, so that students who decide to leave academia have a non-academic alumni network to draw upon.

What does "that" in the last paragraph refer to?

某工厂（一般纳税人）2019年10月购进免税农产品一批已入库，支付给农业生产者收购发票上注明的价格为60 000元，为该货物支付不含税运费500元（取得了一般纳税人开具的增值税专用发票），该项业务准允抵扣的进项税额为（　）。

下列关于《个人信用信息基础数据库管理暂行办法》的说法，错误的是（  ）。

小宝走路撞到桌子，便踢了踢桌子说：“让你也疼一疼。”这体现出小宝的认知具有（）的特点。

下列关于地下燃气管道埋设的最小覆土厚度应符合的要求不正确的是（   ）。

当总需求与总供给的对比处于供不应求状态，总需求大于总供给时，过多的需求拉动价格水平上涨。上述属于（  ）。