低钾血症是

（   ）建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，必须坚持先行。

患者，男，35岁。于午饭后即开始出现胃部疼痛，胀满食少，后感觉脐周硬结、闷痛、拒按，于1日无改善情况下，前来医院就诊。诊断结果：因蛋白质进食过多而导致的继发性消化不良。
下列适用于因胰腺分泌功能不全所致消化不良性腹泻的药物是

患者高热，黏液脓血便，应该如何隔离（  ）

下列（ ）不是梁底模计算模板支架系统强度需要的荷载。

《中国教育改革和发展纲要》提出了教育发展的“两基”“两全”“两重”目标，其中“两全”指(    )

Passage 2

Everyone knows that English departments are in trouble, but you can't appreciate just how much trouble until you read the new report from the Modern Language Association. The report is about Ph.D. programs, which have been in decline since 2008. These programs have gotten both more difficult and less rewarding: today, it can take almost a decade to get a doctorate, and, at the end of your program, you' re unlikely to find a tenure-track job.

The core of the problem is, of course, the job market. The M.L.A. report estimates that only sixty per cent of newly-minted Ph.D.s will find tenure-track jobs after graduation. If anything, that's wildly optimistic: the M.L.A. got to that figure by comparing the number of tenure-track jobs on its job list(around six hundred) with the number of new graduates(about a thousand). But that leaves out the thousands of unemployed graduates from past years who are still job-hunting-not to mention the older professors who didn't receive tenure, and who now find themselves competing with their former students. In all likelihood, the number of jobs per candidate is much smaller than the report suggests. That's why the mood is so dire-why even professors are starting to ask, in the committee's words, "Why maintain doctoral study in the modern languages and literatures-or the rest of the humanities-at all?"

Those trends, in turn, are part of an even larger story having to do with the expansion and transformation of American education after the Second World War. Essentially, colleges grew less elite and more vocational. Before the war, relatively few people went to college. Then, in the nineteen-fifties, the G.I. Bill and, later, the Baby Boom pushed colleges to grow rapidly. When the boom ended, colleges found themselves overextended and competing for students. By the mid-seventies, schools were creating new programs designed to attract a broader range of students-for instance, women and minorities.

Those reforms worked: as Nate Silver reported in the Times last summer, about twice as many people attend college per capita now as did forty years ago. But all that expansion changed colleges.

In the past, they had catered to elite students who were happy to major in the traditional liberal arts. Now, to attract middle-class students, colleges had to offer more career-focused majors, in fields like business, communications, and health care. As a result, humanities departments have found themselves drifting away from the center of the university. Today, they are often regarded as a kind of institutional luxury, paid for by dynamic, cheap, and growing programs in, say, adult-education. These large demographic facts are contributing to today's job-market crisis: they' re why, while education as a whole is growing, the humanities aren't.

Given all this, what can an English department do? The M.L.A. report contains a number of suggestions. Pride of place is given to the idea that grad school should be shorter: "Departments should design programs that can be completed in five years."That will probably require changing the dissertation from a draft of an academic book into something shorter and simpler. At the same time, graduate students are encouraged to "broaden" themselves: to "engage more deeply with technology"; to pursue unusual and imaginative dissertation projects; to work in more than one discipline; to acquire teaching skills aimed at online and community-college students; and to take workshops on subjects, such as project management and grant writing, which might be of value outside of academia. Graduate programs, the committee suggests, should accept the fact that many of their students will have non-tenured, or even non-academic, careers. They should keep track of what happens to their graduates, so that students who decide to leave academia have a non-academic alumni network to draw upon.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word  "dire" in Paragraph 2?

某女，43 岁。因月经不调就诊，症见月经提前，经期延长，经血暗红，量少，咽干颧红，心烦潮热，腰膝酸软，舌红苔少，脉沉细无力。治以滋补肝肾、止血调经，处方如下：熟地黄 12g，生山药 9g，山萸肉 9g，枸杞子 9g，菟丝子 12g，川牛膝 9g，制何首乌 12g，黄芩 6g，女贞子 12g，墨旱莲 9g，仙鹤草 12g，夏枯草 9g，西洋参 (另煎) 6g，鹿角胶 (烊化) 6g，龟甲胶 (烊化) 9g，14 剂，水煎服，每日 1 剂，早晚分服。经询问该患者既往无其他疾病，服用汤药期间未同时服用其他药物。推测处方中最有可能导致该患者出现上述症状的中药是（      ）

某国有企业因内部管理混乱等原因造成会计报表资料不合法、不真实，对此问题应承担法律责任的责任主体是（  ）。

恶化型劳力性心绞痛

下列井筒表土施工方法中，需要进行临时支护的是（   ）。