患者，男，56岁。贲门癌引起上腹部疼痛，呕吐，厌食，黑便，行胃大部切除术后，为患者取半坐卧位的目的是（  ）

分子中含有巯基的血管紧张素转换酶抑制药是

根据《中华人民共和国担保法》规定，当事人对保证担保的范围没有约定或者约定不明确的，保证人应（  ）。

下列空调系统管道中，需要进行真空试验的是（    ）。

关于管型的叙述，正确的是(    )

老师对学生的学练活动进行中，即时评定与反馈，这种评价方式属于（  ）。

Passage2

     Old stereotypes diehard. Picture a video-game player and you will likely imagine a teenage boy, byhimself, compulsively hammering away at a game involving rayguns and aliensthat splatter when blasted. Ten years ago that might have borne some relationto reality. But today a gamer is as likely to be a middle-aged commuterplaying  "Angry Birds" on hersmartphone. In America, the biggest market, the average game-player is 37 yearsold. Two-fifths are female.

     Over the past tenyears the video-game industry has grown from a small business to a huge, mainstreamone. With global sales of $56 billion in 2010, it is more than twice the sizeof the recorded-music industry. Despite the downturn, it is growing by almost9% a year.

    Is this success dueto luck or skill? The answer matters, because the rest of the entertainmentindustry has tended to treat gaming as being a lucky beneficiary of broadertechnological changes. Video gaming, unlike music, film or television, had theluck to be born digital. In fact, there is plenty  for old media to learn.

    Video games have certainly been swept along bytwo forces: demography and technology. The first gaming generation-the childrenof the 1970s and early 1980s-is now over 30. Many still love gaming, and canafford to spend far more on it now. Meanwhile rapid improvements in computingpower have allowed game designers to offer experiences that are now often morecinematic than the cinema.

     But even grantedthis good fortune, the game-makers have been clever. They have reached out tonew customers with new methods. They have branched out into education,corporate training and even warfare, and have embraced digital downloads andmobile devices with enthusiasm. Though big-budget games are still popular, muchof the growth now comes from  "casual" games that are simple, cheap and playable in shortbursts on mobile phones or in web browsers.

     The industry hasexcelled in a particular area-pricing. In an era when people are disinclined topay for content on the web, games publishers were quick to develop"freemium" models, where you rely on non-paying customers to build anaudience and then extract cash only from a fanatical few.

Asgaming comes to be seen as just another medium, its tech-savvy approachcould provide awelcome shot in the arm for existing media groups.

What can you learn from "freemium" model?

商业银行的每个网点在同一会计年度内不得与超过3家保险公司（以单独法人机构为计算单位）开展保险业务合作。（  ）

肺痨的基本病机是

29 岁初孕妇，妊娠 38+³ 周，规律腹痛 4 小时入院。单臀位，估计胎儿重 3000g，骨盆外测量正常。处理原则不正确的是（）