系统整理了南北朝以前的药物学资料，创设了“诸病通用药”的本草著作是（ ）

A、B、C三公司意欲组成一个联合体参加某建设工程项目的投标，以下各项行为中会导致投标无效的是(  )。

患者，女，76岁。患肾虚腰痛、起坐不利、膝软乏力。宜选用的中成药是（   ）

患儿，女，3岁，患上呼吸道感染，症见发热、恶风、微有汗出、咳嗽咯痰、咳喘气促。证属外感风热，治宜宣肺清热，止咳祛痰，平喘。宜选用的成药是（）

Passage 2

Everyone knows that English departments are in trouble, but you can't appreciate just how much trouble until you read the new report from the Modern Language Association. The report is about Ph.D. programs, which have been in decline since 2008. These programs have gotten both more difficult and less rewarding: today, it can take almost a decade to get a doctorate, and, at the end of your program, you' re unlikely to find a tenure-track job.

The core of the problem is, of course, the job market. The M.L.A. report estimates that only sixty per cent of newly-minted Ph.D.s will find tenure-track jobs after graduation. If anything, that's wildly optimistic: the M.L.A. got to that figure by comparing the number of tenure-track jobs on its job list(around six hundred) with the number of new graduates(about a thousand). But that leaves out the thousands of unemployed graduates from past years who are still job-hunting-not to mention the older professors who didn't receive tenure, and who now find themselves competing with their former students. In all likelihood, the number of jobs per candidate is much smaller than the report suggests. That's why the mood is so dire-why even professors are starting to ask, in the committee's words, "Why maintain doctoral study in the modern languages and literatures-or the rest of the humanities-at all?"

Those trends, in turn, are part of an even larger story having to do with the expansion and transformation of American education after the Second World War. Essentially, colleges grew less elite and more vocational. Before the war, relatively few people went to college. Then, in the nineteen-fifties, the G.I. Bill and, later, the Baby Boom pushed colleges to grow rapidly. When the boom ended, colleges found themselves overextended and competing for students. By the mid-seventies, schools were creating new programs designed to attract a broader range of students-for instance, women and minorities.

Those reforms worked: as Nate Silver reported in the Times last summer, about twice as many people attend college per capita now as did forty years ago. But all that expansion changed colleges.

In the past, they had catered to elite students who were happy to major in the traditional liberal arts. Now, to attract middle-class students, colleges had to offer more career-focused majors, in fields like business, communications, and health care. As a result, humanities departments have found themselves drifting away from the center of the university. Today, they are often regarded as a kind of institutional luxury, paid for by dynamic, cheap, and growing programs in, say, adult-education. These large demographic facts are contributing to today's job-market crisis: they' re why, while education as a whole is growing, the humanities aren't.

Given all this, what can an English department do? The M.L.A. report contains a number of suggestions. Pride of place is given to the idea that grad school should be shorter: "Departments should design programs that can be completed in five years."That will probably require changing the dissertation from a draft of an academic book into something shorter and simpler. At the same time, graduate students are encouraged to "broaden" themselves: to "engage more deeply with technology"; to pursue unusual and imaginative dissertation projects; to work in more than one discipline; to acquire teaching skills aimed at online and community-college students; and to take workshops on subjects, such as project management and grant writing, which might be of value outside of academia. Graduate programs, the committee suggests, should accept the fact that many of their students will have non-tenured, or even non-academic, careers. They should keep track of what happens to their graduates, so that students who decide to leave academia have a non-academic alumni network to draw upon.

What does "that" in the last paragraph refer to?

采用LEC评价法进行安全风险评价时，“L”用来确定的因素是（ ）。

教育文献有很多类型，但主要以（　　）为主。

在某市举办旅游节期间，某幼儿园园长决定利用该园地处市中心的优势，将操场改为临时停车场，并为此停止了旅游节期间的所有体育课。该园长应对其行为( )。

（）是直接以现金的形式将盈余分配给保单持有人。

世界各地的建筑风格因受时代的政治、社会、经济、建筑材料和建筑技术的制约以及建筑设计思想、观念和艺术素养的影响而有所不同。下列关于建筑风格的说法错误的是 ( )。

结核性腹膜炎腹痛规律是（    ）。