在五脏中，心主导的作用是（     ）。

下列关于绞釉排列方式的描述，正确的是（  ）

徐先生在2016年2月8日存入一笔10000元的一年期定期存款，到期后徐先生临时有事没有前往银行取出存款，10天后徐先生终于抽出时间前往银行取钱，则徐先生可以取出（）元。（假设一年期定期存款年利率为5.22%，暂免征收利息税，支取当日活期存款挂牌利率2.52%，银行使用年利率除以360天折算出日利率）

慢性淋巴细胞白血病效果最好的化疗药物是（）。

关于国家所有的文物的说法，正确的是（）。

基金托管人的职责不包括（　）。

一患者受凉后咳嗽、高热、咳铁锈色痰，胸痛，随呼吸运动而加重，屏住呼吸时减轻。此患者在听诊时最易出现的体征为下列哪一项

患者外感风寒不愈，现症见身热不退，咽红肿痛，大便干结，脉略数，其舌苔变化是（    ）

Passage1

There are two kinds of motive for engaging in any activity: internal and instrumental. If a scientist conducts research because she wants to discover important facts about the world, that's an internal motive, since discovering facts is inherently related to the activity of research. If she conducts research because she wants to achieve scholarly renown, that's an instrumental motive, since the relation between fame and research is not so inherent. Often, people have both for doing things.

What mix of motives-internal or instrumental or both-is most conducive to success? You might suppose that a scientist motivated by a desire to discover facts and by a desire to achieve renown will do better work than a scientist motivated by just one of those desires. Surely two motives are better than one. But as we and our colleagues argue in a paper newly published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, instrumental motives are not always an asset and can actually be counterproductive to success.

We analyzed data drawn from 11,320 cadets in nine entering classes at the United StatesMilitary Academy at West Point, all of whom rated how much each of a set of motives influenced their decision to attend the academy. The motives included things like a desire to get a good job later in life and a desire to be trained as a leader in the United States Army.

How did the cadets fare, years later? How did their progress relate to their original motives for attending West Point?

We found, unsurprisingly, that the stronger their internal reasons were to attend West Point, the more likely cadets were to graduate and become commissioned officers. Also unsurprisingly, cadets with internal motives did better in the military(as evidenced by early promotion recommendations)

than did those without internal motives and were also more likely to stay in the military after their five years of mandatory service.

Remarkably, cadets with strong internal and strong instrumental motives for attending West Point performed worse on every measure than did those with strong internal motives but weak instrumental ones. They were less likely to graduate, less outstanding as military officers and less committed to staying in the military.

Our study suggests that efforts should be made to structure activities so that instrumental consequences do not become motives. Helping people focus on the meaning and impact of their work, rather than on, say, the financial returns it will bring, may be the best way to improve not only the quality of their work but also their financial success.

There is a temptation among educators and instructors to use whatever motivational tools are available to recruit participants or improve performance. If the desire for military excellence and service to country fails to attract all the recruits that the Army needs, then perhaps appeals to "money for college," "career training" or "seeing the world" will do the job. While this strategy may lure more recruits, it may also yield worse soldiers. Similarly, for students uninterested in learning, financial incentives for good attendance or pizza parties for high performance may prompt them to participate, but it may result in less well-educated students.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "cadets" in Paragraph 3?

患者男，7岁。水肿，尿少3天入院。查体：神清，眼睑水肿明显，双下肢非凹陷性水肿，血压140/90mmHg，心肺无异常。该患儿最可能的诊断是

下列不属于重大立功表现的是（  ）。