左炔诺孕酮炔雌醇(三相)片说明书的部分内容节选如下,请结合问题作答。
【成分】本品为复方制剂,棕色片:每片含左炔诺孕酮0.05mg与炔雌醇0.03mg;白色片:每片含左炔诺孕酮0.075mg与炔雌醇0.04mg;黄色片:每片含左炔诺孕酮0.125mg与炔雌醇0.03mg。
辅料:①片芯,一水乳糖,玉米淀粉,聚维酮25000,滑石粉,硬脂酸镁;②包衣,蔗糖,聚维酮700000,聚乙二醇6000,碳酸钙,滑石粉,甘油85%,二氧化钛(E171),黄色氧化铁(E172),红色氧化铁(E172),蒙醇蜡。
【适应证】用于女性口服避孕。
【用法用量】口服。首次服药从月经的第3日开始,每晚1片,连续21日,先服棕色片6日,继服白色片5日,最后服黄色片10日。以后各服药周期均于停药第8日按上述顺序重复服用。不得漏服。若停药7日,连续两月闭经者,应咨询医师。
【不良反应】常见的有恶心、呕吐、头痛、乳房痛、经间少量出血;较少见的有抑郁、皮疹及不能耐受隐形眼镜;较严重的不良反应尚有血栓形成、高血压、肝病、黄疸以及过敏反应等。
【禁忌】下列情况禁用:乳腺癌、生殖器官癌、肝功能异常或近期有肝病或黄疸史、阴道异常出血、镰状细胞性贫血、深部静脉血栓病、脑血管意外、高血压、心血管病、高脂血症、肾功能不全、严重糖尿病、精神抑郁症及哺乳期妇女。
【注意事项】
(1)开始服药前请咨询医师。包括体检,采集完整的个人和家庭病史,特别注意检查血压。
(2)服用本品时应当每年进行体检,在体检过程中向医师说明正在服用本品。
(3)必须按规定方法服药,若漏服药不仅可发生突破性出血,还可导致避孕失败。一旦发生漏服,除按规定服药外,应在24小时内加服1片。
(4)出现下列症状时应停药:怀疑妊娠、血栓栓塞、听力或视觉障碍,高血压、肝功能异常、精神抑郁、缺血性心脏病、胸部锐痛或突然气短、偏头痛、乳腺肿块、癫痫发作次数增加、严重腹痛或腹胀、皮肤黄染或全身瘙痒等。
(5)吸烟可使服用本品的妇女发生心脏病和中风的危险性增加,尤其是35岁以上的(包含35岁)妇女,故服药期间应戒烟。
(6)如有妊娠计划,应停药并采取其他避孕措施,直到出现第一个月经周期后再妊娠。
(7)如服用过量或出现严重不良反应,应立即就医。
(8)对本品过敏者禁用,过敏体质者慎用。
(9)本品性状发生改变时禁止使用。
(10)请将本品放在儿童不能接触的地方。
(11)如正在使用其他药品,使用本品前请咨询医师或药师。
【药物相互作用】
(1)可使本品避孕效果降低的药物:抗菌药尤其是广谱抗菌药、药酶诱导剂如利福平、苯巴比妥、苯妥英钠等,应避免同时服用。
(2)本品影响其他药物的疗效,使其作用减弱的有抗高血压药、抗凝血药以及降血糖药,使其疗效增强的有三环类抗抑郁药。
(3)如与其他药物同时使用可能会发生药物相互作用,详情请咨询医师或药师。
【包装】左炔诺孕酮炔雌醇(三相)片被置于由聚氯乙烯透明膜和铝箔组成的水泡眼包装内(边缘热封)。水泡眼包装含21片。
患者同时服用的其他药物中,疗效增强的是
适合设计单端固定桥的是( )
某一侧基牙倾斜度大,难以取得共同就位道
后牙游离缺失,缺牙间隙大
缺牙间隙小,承受的殆力不大,基牙条件好
利用黏结技术将固定桥直接黏固于基牙上
缺隙一侧基牙条件好,另一侧条件差
患者,男,40岁。既往有糖尿病史。小便频数,混浊如膏,甚至饮一溲一,耳轮干枯,腰膝酸软,四肢欠温,畏寒怕冷,阳痿,舌淡苔白,脉沉细无力。其证型是
女,68岁。头晕、心悸5年,心尖搏动向左下移位,呈抬举性搏动,于胸骨左缘第3、第4肋间闻及叹气样舒张期杂音,为递减型,向心尖传导,在心尖区闻及隆隆样舒张早期杂音,股动脉可闻及枪击音,首先应想到的诊断是( )。
二尖瓣狭窄
主动脉瓣关闭不全
二尖瓣关闭不全
主动脉瓣狭窄
室间隔缺损
某孕妇,30岁。孕36周,主诉近两天胎动时腹痛明显,查体:胎位LOA,头先露,浮,胎心率140次/min,宫缩间歇6分钟,孕妇情绪紧张,担心会影响胎儿,护士首先要做的是()
安慰产妇,向其讲解相关知识
尽快协助医生完善各项检查
教会孕妇自我检测胎儿宫内情况的方法
密切关注B超动态检测羊水量
让孕妇回家自行观察
Passage 2
Several research teams have found that newborns prefer their mothers' voices over those of other people. Now a team of scientists has gone an intriguing step further: they have found that newborns cry in their native language."We have provided evidence that language begins with the very first cry melodies,"says Kathleen Wermke of the University of Wirzburg, Germany, who led the research.
"The dramatic finding of this study is that not only are newborns capable of producing different cry melodies, but they prefer to produce those melody patterns that are typical for the ambient language they have heard during their fetal life, within the last trimester,"said Wermke."Contraryto orthodox interpretations, these data support the importance of human infants' crying for seeding language development."
It had been thought that babies' cries are constrained by their breathing patterns and respiratory apparatus, in which case a crying baby would sound like a crying baby no matter what the culture is, since babies are anatomically identical."The prevailing opinion used to be that newborns could not actively influence their production of sound,"says Wermke. This study refutes that claim: since babies cry in different languages, they must have some control(presumably unconscious) over what they sound like rather than being constrained by the acoustical properties of their lungs, throat, mouth, and larynx. If respiration alone dictated what a cry sounded like, all babies would cry with a falling-pitch pattern, since that's what happens as you run out of breath and air pressure on the throat's sound-making machinery decreases. French babies apparently didn't get that memo."German and French infants produce different types of cries, even though they share the same physiology,"the scientists point out."The French newborns produce ' nonphysiological' rising patterns,"showing that the sound of their cries is under their control.
Although phonemes-speech sounds such as "ki"or"sh"-don't cross the abdominal barrier and reach the fetus, so-called prosodic characteristics of speech do. These are the variations in pitch, rhythm, and intensity that characterize each language. Just as newborns remember and prefer actualsongs that they heard in utero, it seems, so they remember and prefer both the sound of Mom's voice and the melodic signature of her language.
The idea of the study wasn't to make the sound of a screaming baby more interesting to listeners-good luck with that-but to explore how babies acquire speech. That acquisition, it is now clear, begins months before birth, probably in the third trimester. Newborns "not only have memorized the main intonation patterns of their respective surrounding language but are also able to reproduce these patterns in their own [ sound] production,"conclude the scientists. Newborns'"cries are already tuned toward their native language", giving them a head start on sounding French or German (or, presumably, English or American or Chinese or anything else: the scientists are collecting cries from more languages). This is likely part of the explanation for how babies develop spoken language quickly and seemingly without effort. Sure, we may come into the world wired for language(thank you, Noam Chomsky), but we also benefit from the environmental exposure that tells us which language.
Until this study, scientists thought that babies became capable of vocal imitation no earlier than12 weeks of age. That's when infants listening to an adult speaker producing vowels can parrot the sound. But that's the beginning of true speech. It's sort of amazing that it took this long for scientists to realize that if they want to see what sounds babies can perceive, remember, and play back, they should look at the sound babies produce best. So let the little angel cry: she's practicing to acquire language.
What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
我国古代把夜晚分成五个时段,用鼓打更报时,所以叫作五更、五鼓或称五夜。如果按照现代24小时制来划分的话,古代五更天对应的现代时间段是( )
次日0点到2点
次日1点到3点
次日2点到4点
次日3点到5点

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