阅读《善良》教学实录（节选），按照要求答题 。师：《东郭先生和狼》《农夫和蛇》两个寓言故事，大家都应该很熟悉吧 。这两个寓言讲的都是善良的人“好心不得好报” 。在我们的生活中，关于“善良”这个话题，也有“善有善报，恶有恶报”和“人善被人欺，马善被人骑”等谚语、俗语 。你对善良有什么看法呢？下面让我们带着这个问题，打开王蒙先生的《善良》，看看他是持什么观点的 。（学生通读全文）师：哪位同学来说一说自己勾划出的最能表现作者基本观点的语句？生：最后一段中的“我喜欢善良 。我不喜欢凶恶” 。生：我找的是“我相信，国人终归会愈来愈善良而不是相反” 。生：我认为上面两句话合起来才是作者的完整的观点 。师：那么，你能用一句话概括作者的观点吗？生（稍作思考）：喜欢善良，希望并相信国人终归会愈来愈善良 。师：大家还有没有其他意见？生：没有了 。师：好，看来作者的基本观点就是：“喜欢善良，希望并相信国人终归会愈来愈善良” 。下面迅速通读全文，看一看王蒙先生是分几个部分来论述自己的观点的 。（学生速读，思考、交流）对上述教学实录中“教师的提问”分析的不正确的是(   ) 。

强心苷类在心力衰竭治疗中的意义在于

引起牙髓炎最常见的疾病是（    ）

戊肝的传播途径是（   ）

患者，女，37岁，因小腹胀痛2月余、加重5天就诊。主诉就诊前无明显诱因出现小腹胀痛，阴道不规则流液，流出物呈黄色脓状，量时多时少，下腹及腰骶部间歇性坠痛。间断性院外治疗（口服金刚藤胶囊、阿莫西林胶囊，具体用量不详）。5天前月经来潮，下腹部坠痛与腰骶部胀痛难忍，遂来院就诊。B超提示右侧卵巢囊肿、盆腔积液。妇科检查提示外阴发育正常，阴道黏膜充血，有黄色脓性鱼腥臭味白带，宫颈肥大充血并有举痛，子宫大小正常。门诊以“急性盆腔炎、卵巢囊肿、阴道炎”收治入院。
针对患者阴道炎经验治疗有效的药物是

划分机械学习与有意义学习的主要依据是（）。

色甘酸钠平喘作用的机制是(   )

Passage 2

Everyone knows that English departments are in trouble, but you can't appreciate just how much trouble until you read the new report from the Modern Language Association. The report is about Ph.D. programs, which have been in decline since 2008. These programs have gotten both more difficult and less rewarding: today, it can take almost a decade to get a doctorate, and, at the end of your program, you' re unlikely to find a tenure-track job.

The core of the problem is, of course, the job market. The M.L.A. report estimates that only sixty per cent of newly-minted Ph.D.s will find tenure-track jobs after graduation. If anything, that's wildly optimistic: the M.L.A. got to that figure by comparing the number of tenure-track jobs on its job list(around six hundred) with the number of new graduates(about a thousand). But that leaves out the thousands of unemployed graduates from past years who are still job-hunting-not to mention the older professors who didn't receive tenure, and who now find themselves competing with their former students. In all likelihood, the number of jobs per candidate is much smaller than the report suggests. That's why the mood is so dire-why even professors are starting to ask, in the committee's words, "Why maintain doctoral study in the modern languages and literatures-or the rest of the humanities-at all?"

Those trends, in turn, are part of an even larger story having to do with the expansion and transformation of American education after the Second World War. Essentially, colleges grew less elite and more vocational. Before the war, relatively few people went to college. Then, in the nineteen-fifties, the G.I. Bill and, later, the Baby Boom pushed colleges to grow rapidly. When the boom ended, colleges found themselves overextended and competing for students. By the mid-seventies, schools were creating new programs designed to attract a broader range of students-for instance, women and minorities.

Those reforms worked: as Nate Silver reported in the Times last summer, about twice as many people attend college per capita now as did forty years ago. But all that expansion changed colleges.

In the past, they had catered to elite students who were happy to major in the traditional liberal arts. Now, to attract middle-class students, colleges had to offer more career-focused majors, in fields like business, communications, and health care. As a result, humanities departments have found themselves drifting away from the center of the university. Today, they are often regarded as a kind of institutional luxury, paid for by dynamic, cheap, and growing programs in, say, adult-education. These large demographic facts are contributing to today's job-market crisis: they' re why, while education as a whole is growing, the humanities aren't.

Given all this, what can an English department do? The M.L.A. report contains a number of suggestions. Pride of place is given to the idea that grad school should be shorter: "Departments should design programs that can be completed in five years."That will probably require changing the dissertation from a draft of an academic book into something shorter and simpler. At the same time, graduate students are encouraged to "broaden" themselves: to "engage more deeply with technology"; to pursue unusual and imaginative dissertation projects; to work in more than one discipline; to acquire teaching skills aimed at online and community-college students; and to take workshops on subjects, such as project management and grant writing, which might be of value outside of academia. Graduate programs, the committee suggests, should accept the fact that many of their students will have non-tenured, or even non-academic, careers. They should keep track of what happens to their graduates, so that students who decide to leave academia have a non-academic alumni network to draw upon.

According to the author, which of the following is the key reason that leads to today's job-market crisis for Ph.D. students?

急性前壁心肌梗死并发快速型室性心律失常亦选择

脱疽初起，患者足背动脉、股后动脉的脉象多表现为（    ）