国内航班一般在航班离站时间前的（    ）分钟，航空公司值机柜台停止办理乘机手续。

与第二次世界大战前的资本主义相比，当代资本主义在许多方面已经并正在发生着深刻的变化。当代资本主义社会，大公司经营活动的实际控制者是（     ）

假设某一时间内某基金的平均收益率为40%，该基金的标准差为0.5，当前一年定期存款利率为5%，则该基金的夏普比率为（   ）。

男，60岁。渐进性水肿10个月。体格检查：BP155/90mmHg，Cr78mmol/L，C3正常，蛋白尿（++），诊断为膜性肾病。该患者肾脏在光镜下的特征性病理表现是（   ）。

某施工合同仅约定工程质量产生争议时由甲仲裁委员会仲裁。合同履行中，发包人与承包人在工程质量和工程价格上产生纠纷。承包人向甲仲裁委员会申请仲裁，发包人提出管辖异议。关于该案件仲裁受理的说法中，正确的是（ ）。

患者，女，59岁。因术前恐惧焦虑，导致夜间失眠，遵医嘱给予10%水合氯醛20ml保留灌肠。护士执行操作正确的是（）

一期梅毒的主要表现是（   ）

Passage1

    Come on-Everybody'sdoing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is  what most of us think of when we hear thewords peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casualsex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that  peer pressure can also be a positive forcethrough what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officialsuse the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives andpossibly the word.

    Rosenberg, therecipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure inaction: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called RageAgainst the Haze sets

 out to make cigarettesuncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as loveLife  recruits young people to promote safe sexamong their peers.

     The idea seemspromising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lamenessof many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressurefor healthy habits ,and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.   "Dare to be different, please don'tsmoke!" pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking amongteenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg arguesconvincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applyingpeer pressure.

     But on the generaleffectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Clubis filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of thesocial and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The mostglaring flaw of the social cure as it's presented here is that it doesn't workvery well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding wascut. Evidence that the loveLife program produces lasting changes is limited andmixed.

     There's no doubtthat our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging bodyof research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spreadthrough networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form ofpeer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.

    Farless certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can selectour peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It's likethe teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing themwith better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that's theproblem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, asin school, we insist on choosing our own friends.

The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is_______.

不属于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征临床表现的是

企业按照短期奖金计划向职工发放的奖金属于短期薪酬；按照长期奖金计划向职工发放的奖金属于（  ）。