案例(一)
背景资料
某大型钢厂由国家和民营企业共同投资兴建,投建初期,建设单位拟定直接由中央直属为的A公司总承包该工程,遭到当地监管部门的反对,建设单位改正后在制定媒体上发布了招标公告和资格预审公告。招标人4月1日发出招标文件,定于4月19日开标。
事件一:经过资格预审后,共有A、B、C、D、E五家总承包单位递交了资料,并在规定的时间内进行了标书购买,编写和投标。投标单位收到招标文件后,其中有三家单位发现设计图中防火分区划分不合理,提出质疑。招标人经设计单位确认并修改后,4月10日向提出质疑的三家单位发出了澄清。4月20日,招标人在专家库中随机抽取了3个技术经济专家和2个业主代表一起组成评标委员会,准备按计划组织开标。被招标监督机构制止,并指出其招标过程中的错误,招标人修正错误后进行了开标。
【背景资料】
某新建住宅群体工程,包含10栋装配式高层住宅,5栋现浇框架小高层公寓, 1栋社区活动中心及地下车库,总建筑面积31.5万m3,开发商通过邀请招标确定甲公司为总承包施工单位。开工前,项目部综合工程设计、合同条件、现场场地分区移交、陆续开工等因素编制本工程施工组织总设计,其中施工进度总计划在项目经理领导下编制,编制过程中,项目经理发现该计划编制说明中仅有编制的依据,未体现计划编制应考虑的其他要素,要求编制人员补充。社区活动中心开工后,由项目技术负责人组织。专业工程师根据施工进度总计划编制社区活动中心施工进度计划,内部评审中项目经理提出C、G、J工作由于特殊工艺共同租赁一台施工机具, 在工作B、E按计划完成的前提下, 考虑该机具租赁费用较高, 尽量连续施工, 要求对进度计划进行调整。经调整, 最终形成既满足工期要求又经济可行的进度计划。社区活动中心调整后的部分方案计划如图2。
图2 社区活动中心施工进度计划(部分)
公司对项目部进行月度生产检查时发现, 因连续小雨影响, D工作实际进度较计划进度滞后2天, 要求项目部在分析原因的基础上制定进度事后控制措施。本工程完成全部结构施工内容后,在主体结构验收前, 项目部制定了结构实体检验专项方案,委托具有相应资质的检测单位在监理单位见证下对涉及的混凝土结构安全的有代表性的部位进行钢筋保护层厚度等检测, 检测项目全部合格。
下列关于专家和新手的说法正确的有()
【背景资料】某施工单位施工防波堤工程,堤长800m,堤头为沉箱直立式结构,堤身为抛石斜坡堤,扭王字块护面,施工组织设计编制完成后,因业主和监理催促,项目经理审查后直接报给了监理和业主。施工中检查发现,扭王字块摆放中竖杆全部整齐排列朝上,经询问,施工单位说,如此排列观瞻整齐、美观。
胸墙混凝土掺人粉煤灰,取代15%的水泥,超量取代,超量取代系数k=1. 3,混凝土的水胶比为0. 6,拌合水用量180kg/ m3。混凝土人模温度38℃,测温系统显示混凝土内部最高温度82℃,表面温度52℃,混凝土养护7d,发现有裂缝数条。
【背景资料】某建筑公司(乙方)于某年4月20日与某厂(甲方)签订了修建建筑面积为3000㎡工业厂房(带地下室)的施工合同,乙方编制的施工方案和进度计划已获监理工程师批准。该工程的基坑开挖土方量为4500m³,假设直接费单价为4.2元/m³,综合费率为直接费的20%。该工程的基坑施工方案规定:土方工程采用租赁一台斗容量为1m³的反铲挖土机施工(租赁费450元/台班)。甲、乙双方合同约定5月11日开工,5月20日完工。在实际施工中发生如下几项事件:
(1)因租赁的挖土机大修,晚开工2天,造成人员窝工10个工日;
(2)基坑开挖后,因遇软土层,接到监理工程师5月15日停工的指令,进行地质复查,配合用工15个工日;
(3)5月19日接到监理工程师于5月20日复工令,同时提出基坑开挖深度加深2m的设计变更通知单,由此增加土方开挖量900m³;
(4)5月20日至5月22日,因下罕见的大雨迫使基坑开挖暂停,造成人员窝工10个工日;
(5)5月23日用30个工日修复冲坏的永久道路,5月24日恢复挖掘工作,最终基坑于5月30日挖坑完毕。
某施工单位承接了一煤矿的胶带运输大巷工程,该巷道长度800m,设计净断面积18m²。巷道所穿过的岩层普氏系数f=2~4,属Ⅳ类围岩;巷道距煤层较近,偶有瓦斯涌出。巷道采用锚网喷联合支护。开工前,施工单位根据施工任务、开工日期、施工进度和现场情况的需要,做好施工的技术准备和物资准备工作。
施工单位项目部技术员结合工程实际条件编制了该巷道的施工安全技术措施,确定该巷道施工采用多台气腿式凿岩机打眼,直眼掏槽,岩石水胶炸药,秒延期电雷管,煤矿专用发爆器起爆,蓄电池电机车牵引1t矿车运输。该技术措施经项目部技术经理修改后审批并付诸实施。
在巷道施工过程中,由于运输系统出现故障,连续5个循环不能正常排矸,导致大量矸石堆积在工作面后15m左右的位置,工人只能弯腰从矸石堆上进入工作面。在一次爆破工作中,装药联线完成后,班长安排在距离工作面50m 的一处直角岔巷内设置警戒线,全部人员躲入岔巷中。然而,爆破后发生大量矸石飞落,造成2人死亡,2人重伤,3人轻伤。
2025年,甲证券公司与乙上市公司签署《独立财务顾问协议》,成为丙公司借壳乙公司的财务顾问。当年,丙公司完成借壳上市,重大资产重组完成后,甲证券公司在法律规定的期限内承担持续督导责任,先后出具了《2025年度持续督导意见》《关于丙公司的专项核查意见》等。陈某与李某为项目主要负责人及签字主办人。该证券公司就该借壳上市独立财务顾问项目收取各项费用总计1000万元。以上业务过程中,甲证券公司未关注到丙公司购销业务异常增加,未发现丙公司财务报告虚增收入的事实。
The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write. (41)_________
Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. (42)_________ Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.
(43)_________ Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on the other side.
If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing. (44)_________ These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.
Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote “The A & P as a State of Mind” wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women. (45)_________
Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times – and then again – working to substantiate and clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.
[A] To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on only one side of the paper.
[B] After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It’s probably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.
[C] It’s worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.
[D] It makes no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.
[E] Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job. Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A & P “policy” he enforces.
[F] In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in “A & P,” the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel’s store policies.
[G] By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say, you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested. Plenty of good writers don’t use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write. Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.
【背景资料】某施工单位承包一矿井工程,其中运输大巷2000m。建设单位提供的地质和水文资料表明,该大巷大部分为中等稳定岩层,属于Ⅲ类围岩,巷道顶板以上、底板以下10m范围内无含水层。巷道要穿越一断层,落差30m,断层附近围岩很容易冒落,属于V类围岩。设计该大巷采用锚喷支护,穿越断层地段锚杆间排距缩小为600mm。施工计划月成巷200m。
在运输大巷施工到断层附近时,巷道围岩出现渗水,在掘进开挖半小时后不断发生破碎围岩冒落。施工单位及时提出了巷道穿越断层的措施和支护方案,经过监理和设计单位同意后,实施了该方案,最后巷道安全通过了断层,验收合格。但半年后该运输大巷穿越断层段的两帮出现了变形,喷射混凝土有少量开裂,经检查无明显质量问题。施工单位按照建设单位的要求进行了修复。
针对上述事件,施工单位及时提出了索赔。
【背景资料】某施工单位承建了一段二级公路的路基工程,路基宽度12m,其中K1+600~K3+050为填方路堤,路段填方需从取土场借方:K1+600~K2+300填方平均高度为1.6m,设计填方数量16200m3;K2+300~K3+050填方平均高度为2.1m,设计填方数量24000m3。
施工单位在工程项目开工之前,对施工图设计文件进行了复查和现场核对,补充了必要现场调查资料,发现该路段原地面下有50cm厚淤泥,设计文件中未进行处理,施工单位在施工图会审中提出处理意见后,经监理工程师和设计代表同意,按路堤坡脚每侧扩宽1m采用抛石挤淤的方法进行处理,抛石方量14193m3,要求采用粒径较大的未风化石料进行抛填。施工单位根据现场情况,确定了取土场位置,并拟定了新的施工便道A、B两个方案,施工便道A方案长度1420m,施工便道B方案长度1310m,最终确定采用A方案,取土场位置平面示意图如图1所示。施工过程中,路堤填筑两侧均加宽超填30cm。
