可诱导机体产生免疫耐受的抗原称为

以信息技术为核心，在军事领域发展和应用的，对国防科技和武器装备发展起巨大推动作用的那部分高技术的总称是（）。

《中国药典》规定测定硫酸阿托品的熔点采用的是（ ）

大便先干而后稀多见于（    ）

Passage 2

Several research teams have found that newborns prefer their mothers' voices over those of other people. Now a team of scientists has gone an intriguing step further: they have found that newborns cry in their native language."We have provided evidence that language begins with the very first cry melodies,"says Kathleen Wermke of the University of Wirzburg, Germany, who led the research.

"The dramatic finding of this study is that not only are newborns capable of producing different cry melodies, but they prefer to produce those melody patterns that are typical for the ambient language they have heard during their fetal life, within the last trimester,"said Wermke."Contraryto orthodox interpretations, these data support the importance of human infants' crying for seeding language development."

It had been thought that babies' cries are constrained by their breathing patterns and respiratory apparatus, in which case a crying baby would sound like a crying baby no matter what the culture is, since babies are anatomically identical."The prevailing opinion used to be that newborns could not actively influence their production of sound,"says Wermke. This study refutes that claim: since babies cry in different languages, they must have some control(presumably unconscious) over what they sound like rather than being constrained by the acoustical properties of their lungs, throat, mouth, and larynx. If respiration alone dictated what a cry sounded like, all babies would cry with a falling-pitch pattern, since that's what happens as you run out of breath and air pressure on the throat's sound-making machinery decreases. French babies apparently didn't get that memo."German and French infants produce different types of cries, even though they share the same physiology,"the scientists point out."The French newborns produce ' nonphysiological' rising patterns,"showing that the sound of their cries is under their control.

Although phonemes-speech sounds such as "ki"or"sh"-don't cross the abdominal barrier and reach the fetus, so-called prosodic characteristics of speech do. These are the variations in pitch, rhythm, and intensity that characterize each language. Just as newborns remember and prefer actualsongs that they heard in utero, it seems, so they remember and prefer both the sound of Mom's voice and the melodic signature of her language.

The idea of the study wasn't to make the sound of a screaming baby more interesting to listeners-good luck with that-but to explore how babies acquire speech. That acquisition, it is now clear, begins months before birth, probably in the third trimester. Newborns "not only have memorized the main intonation patterns of their respective surrounding language but are also able to reproduce these patterns in their own [ sound] production,"conclude the scientists. Newborns'"cries are already tuned toward their native language", giving them a head start on sounding French or German (or, presumably, English or American or Chinese or anything else: the scientists are collecting cries from more languages). This is likely part of the explanation for how babies develop spoken language quickly and seemingly without effort. Sure, we may come into the world wired for language(thank you, Noam Chomsky), but we also benefit from the environmental exposure that tells us which language.

Until this study, scientists thought that babies became capable of vocal imitation no earlier than12 weeks of age. That's when infants listening to an adult speaker producing vowels can parrot the sound. But that's the beginning of true speech. It's sort of amazing that it took this long for scientists to realize that if they want to see what sounds babies can perceive, remember, and play back, they should look at the sound babies produce best. So let the little angel cry: she's practicing to acquire language.

What does Kathleen Wermke's research indicate?

哺乳期乳房疼痛有肿块，按之痛重。首先考虑的诊断是（    ）

目前，建筑中采用落地窗，上下层之间不设置实体墙的现象比较普遍，一旦发生火灾，易导致火灾通过外墙上的开口在水平和竖直方向上蔓延，下列有关于外立面开口之间的防火措施中，做法错误的是（   ）

药物性牙龈增生

以利益均衡作为价值判断标准来配置卫生资源，体现的卫生法基本原则是（     ）

患者，男，68 岁。患有冠心病、高血压、前列腺增生症，长期服用硫酸氢氯吡格雷片、辛伐他汀片、硝苯地平控释片、马来酸依那普利片、盐酸特拉唑嗪片。近 3 个月以来患者排尿困难症状日渐加重，3 日前患者自行加服盐酸特拉唑嗪 3 片，出现头晕、低血压症状。紧急就医。

引起患者出现头晕、低血压症状的原因是（    ）

关于电力起爆法的说法中，正确的是（  ）。