企业对非常规的、无法预估结果发生概率的业务活动进行经营决策时，采用的决策方法是（　　）。

甲施工企业承建的办公楼项目已经交付使用，发包人仍拖欠部分工程款未予支付。甲在未与任何人协商的情况下，擅自将办公楼部分空余写字间卖给丙公司，则该买卖合同(　　)。

国务院卫生行政主管部门按照分类指导、快速反应的要求，制定并报请国务院批准的是(     )

Passage 2

Several research teams have found that newborns prefer their mothers' voices over those of other people. Now a team of scientists has gone an intriguing step further: they have found that newborns cry in their native language."We have provided evidence that language begins with the very first cry melodies,"says Kathleen Wermke of the University of Wirzburg, Germany, who led the research.

"The dramatic finding of this study is that not only are newborns capable of producing different cry melodies, but they prefer to produce those melody patterns that are typical for the ambient language they have heard during their fetal life, within the last trimester,"said Wermke."Contraryto orthodox interpretations, these data support the importance of human infants' crying for seeding language development."

It had been thought that babies' cries are constrained by their breathing patterns and respiratory apparatus, in which case a crying baby would sound like a crying baby no matter what the culture is, since babies are anatomically identical."The prevailing opinion used to be that newborns could not actively influence their production of sound,"says Wermke. This study refutes that claim: since babies cry in different languages, they must have some control(presumably unconscious) over what they sound like rather than being constrained by the acoustical properties of their lungs, throat, mouth, and larynx. If respiration alone dictated what a cry sounded like, all babies would cry with a falling-pitch pattern, since that's what happens as you run out of breath and air pressure on the throat's sound-making machinery decreases. French babies apparently didn't get that memo."German and French infants produce different types of cries, even though they share the same physiology,"the scientists point out."The French newborns produce ' nonphysiological' rising patterns,"showing that the sound of their cries is under their control.

Although phonemes-speech sounds such as "ki"or"sh"-don't cross the abdominal barrier and reach the fetus, so-called prosodic characteristics of speech do. These are the variations in pitch, rhythm, and intensity that characterize each language. Just as newborns remember and prefer actualsongs that they heard in utero, it seems, so they remember and prefer both the sound of Mom's voice and the melodic signature of her language.

The idea of the study wasn't to make the sound of a screaming baby more interesting to listeners-good luck with that-but to explore how babies acquire speech. That acquisition, it is now clear, begins months before birth, probably in the third trimester. Newborns "not only have memorized the main intonation patterns of their respective surrounding language but are also able to reproduce these patterns in their own [ sound] production,"conclude the scientists. Newborns'"cries are already tuned toward their native language", giving them a head start on sounding French or German (or, presumably, English or American or Chinese or anything else: the scientists are collecting cries from more languages). This is likely part of the explanation for how babies develop spoken language quickly and seemingly without effort. Sure, we may come into the world wired for language(thank you, Noam Chomsky), but we also benefit from the environmental exposure that tells us which language.

Until this study, scientists thought that babies became capable of vocal imitation no earlier than12 weeks of age. That's when infants listening to an adult speaker producing vowels can parrot the sound. But that's the beginning of true speech. It's sort of amazing that it took this long for scientists to realize that if they want to see what sounds babies can perceive, remember, and play back, they should look at the sound babies produce best. So let the little angel cry: she's practicing to acquire language.

What does Kathleen Wermke's research indicate?

下列不属于近部取穴的是

茵陈的功效是(   )

阅读郑振铎《猫》教学实录（片段），按要求答题。
师：“我”为什么要去打第三只猫？
生：因为小猫做错了事。
师：再思考一下，有人有不同意见吗？
生：因为“我”冤枉、误解了它，以为它做错了事。
师：是的。这样我们就知道，第三只猫是因为“我”的冤枉和误解而死的，所以相较前两只猫，第三只猫的死亡更让“我”难受。这样的结局很让人心碎。可大家仔细想想，是什么原因导致了冤案的出现呢？从文中找一找依据。
生：我觉得是偏见。第17段，因为猫总是“凝望”小鸟，所以，小鸟死了，本来就不怎么受欢迎的这只猫嫌疑最大。
师：非常好，我们看到，如果是前两只猫的话，作者的第一反应可能不是这样。“一定是它”说明“我”对第三只猫存在偏见，也正是由于“我”的偏见，才造成了这次冤案。如果想避免这样的悲剧再次发生，“我”应吸取怎样的教训呢？
生：不要妄下定论，要经过思考；不要有偏见，要用平等的眼光看待事物；要善待动物。师：是的，我们做事不能主观臆断，要弄清事实；对人对事不能存偏见；要善待动物。这是作者写这篇文章的真正目的，也是这篇文章的主旨——对人性的反思。文中所写的不只是一只猫，在生活中类似猫的人也很多。你在生活中曾经误解过别人或被别人误解过吗？谈谈感受。
（生谈经验感受）
师总结：学了这篇文章，我们了解了作者养猫的经历，了解了作者写文章的目的，也有了很多的收获。生活中我们要同情弱者，拒绝偏见。
对上述内容的相关分析，不正确的一项是（）。

（)是信号的最恰当的定义。

（       ）的标志是守恒观念的形成。

主标尺不需要与国际公认的评级机构的级别相对应。（  ）

蒙眼游戏结束后，孩子们摘掉了眼罩，感觉自己眼前一亮，白茫茫一片，慢慢才能看清。这体现了感觉规律中的（）。