我国会计年度每年公历1.1-12.31。（    ）

下面有关行政法渊源的效力位阶表述正确的是（      ）。

某电力安装公司承包一商务楼(地上30层，地下2层，地上1～5层为商场) 的变配电工程安装，变配电工程在地下一层。工程主要设备：三相干式电力变压器 (10/0.4kV)、配电柜(开关柜)设备由业主采购，已运抵施工现场。其他设备、材料 由电力安装公司采购。因1～5层的商场要提前开业，变配电工程需配合送电。 电力安装公司项目部进场后，依据合同、施工图纸及施工总进度计划，编制了变 配电工程的施工方案、施工进度计划(图2),报建设单位审批时被否定，要求优化进 度计划，缩短工期，并承诺赶工增加费由建设单位承担。项目部依据公司及项目所在地的资源情况，优化施工资源配置，列出了进度计划可压缩时间及费用增加表(表2), 压缩了施工工期。


项目部施工准备充分，落实资源配置，依据施工方案要求向作业人员进行技术交 底，明确变压器、配电柜等主要分项工程的施工程序，明确各工序之间的逻辑关系、技 术要求、操作要点和质量标准，使工程按计划实施，变压器安装示意图如图3所示。

变配电工程完工后，供电部门检查合格送电，经过验电、校相无误。分别合高、 低压开关，空载运行24h,无异常，办理验收手续，交建设单位使用；同时整理技术资 料，准备在商务楼竣工验收时归档。

Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. (46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen,

Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. (48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficult of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.

(49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and    often calm brought unbearably long delay.

To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one recorder of  events, “The air at  twelve leagues’ distance smelt as  sweet as  a new-blown garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. (50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.

A公司于2020年8月承接一学校体育馆的采暖工程，合同额为650万元，采暖热源由风冷热泵提供，供回水温度为45/40°C，健身房、教研室等附属房间采用低温热水地板辐射供暖，比赛场馆、训练馆采用散热器供暖。供热管道采用铝塑复合管。

2020年11月散热器进场，A公司对其外观和金属热强度进行了检查和复验。2021年4月，供暖系统安装完毕，A公司依次对管道系统进行水压试验，经核算，项目实际成本为513万元，成本降低率为5%。该供暖系统于2021年正式投入使用。
2022年6月，建设单位按照约定将工程质量保证金返还至A公司。2022年12月，体育馆管理员反映部分散热器温度偏低，建设单位通知A公司进行检验。A公司检查后发现由于施工质量问题造成部分管道出现气塞和堵塞现象，对这些管道进行疏通和清理，并更换了部分散热器。

[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece; the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.

[B] In another case, American archaeologists René Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacán in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.

[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.

[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copán, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copán collapsed.

[E] To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or fields.

[F] Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knosós), on the island of Crete, in 1900.

[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites. Two- and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.

【背景资料】某工程施工单位与一矿井洗煤厂建设单位签订了工程施工合同，合同要求：
（1）施工单位土建工程不得分包，设备安装工程可进行分包，但必须征得业主的同意；
（2）土建工程施工进度安排必须与矿井主井井口房施工安排相对应，以确保皮带走廊与井13房工程施工的衔接；
（3）工程施工延误工期每天罚款1000元，提前工期每天奖励500元。
工程实施中，施工单位由于没有基坑工程施工维护方面的经验，将基坑维护工程分包给了一家有资质的施工单位，但仍由自己负责项目的施工管理。选煤设备的安装经业主同意分包给了一安装单位。由于雨期施工，影响了皮带走廊的施工工期，没有能够保证与井13房的施工衔接，使工程多增加费用20万元。因工程建设大检查，业主部分手续未办理，工程被停工，补办手续到恢复施工共延误工期20天；另外设备安装单位违章电焊，被罚款1.0万元。实际工程比原计划推迟30天竣工，工程结算时业主开出了罚款3.0万元的罚单。

甲矿采用平硐一盲竖井开拓，共有6个中段。采用单翼抽出式通风，新鲜风流由地表平硐进入井下，并经一段盲竖井和二段盲竖井为各中段供风，由边界风井回风。二段盲竖井装备有双罐双层提升罐笼，罐笼各有两条罐道木，竖井内有管缆间，布置有10kV高压铠装电缆、380V电缆等高压线缆。因井壁围岩不好，井筒局部使用衬木保护。
2019年11月29日10时，王某等3名工人分3个时段在二段盲竖井内-483m至-486m范围进行焊割安装钢支护作业，焊渣未收集清理。18时55分许，二段盲竖井内-486m至-505m衬木起火燃烧。火灾发生初期，由于盲竖井内风流作用，火势由上而下蔓延，大量烟雾由-520m井口进入。但随着火势的增大，盲竖井内风流发生逆转，烟雾转而向上蔓延，并快速涌入-440m、-280m中段，-280m中段轨道大巷内充满了烟气。该中段工作区域的9名工作人员因急于撤离而由工作区域进入轨道大巷，最终因吸入烟气中毒窒息，9名工作人员全部死亡。事故共造成9人死亡、28人重伤，直接经济损失9299万元。事故发生后，该矿主要负责人先后赶到，在没有配备必要的救援装备前提下，先后组织50多人入井施救，造成1名救援人员受伤。
该矿井下设有硐室型爆破器材库（可储存炸药10t、非电导爆管30000m和导爆雷管20000发）、中央变电所、水泵房、采区变电所、卸矿硐室、风机房、破碎硐室及井下调度室等硐室。
离矿3km处设有一座用黏土堆筑的四面筑坝的尾矿周转库，设计坝高8m，库容为120万m³，库区周边500m范围内有农田，但无民房。
根据以上场景，回答下列问题（10分，每题2分，1-2题为单选题，3-5题为多选题）：

某二级公路工程K20+855～K20+985为软土地基路段，设计采用水泥粉煤灰碎石桩（CFG桩）+30cm厚水泥土（水泥掺量5%）进行软基处理，CFG桩软基处理示意图如图1所示。

图1 CFG桩软基处理示意图（图中尺寸以cm计）
施工单位采用振动沉管灌注法施工CFG桩，施工工序为：原地表处理→A→沉管机就位→下沉至设计深度→停机→泵送混合料→拔管→B。施工中发生以下事件：
事件1：CFG桩施工前进行了成桩试验，确定了施工工艺、质量标准及相关参数。
事件2：施工技术人员提出CFG桩的部分施工技术要求如下：
（1）沉管至设计高程后应尽快投料。
（2）首次投料应使管内混合料超灌高度不小于0.5m。
（3）当遇淤泥层时，适当放慢拔管速 度，每拔管2m后应反插不小于0.3m再拔管。
事件3：经检查，CFG桩软基处理的桩径、桩长、强度等项目符合要求，施工单位利用挖方路段土方外掺5%水泥填筑30cm厚水泥土层。软基处理结束后进行路基填筑，该路段路基设计填高H的平均值为2.6m。

案例一蔡斯和西蒙（Chase&Simon，1973）对象棋大师、一级棋手和业余新手对棋局的记忆能力进行了研究，给他们5秒时间观看一局对弈国际象棋棋盘布局。5秒后，把棋盘盖上，要求每住参与者尝试在另一棋盘上复现棋子的位置，这一过程尝试多次直到每个人都得到满意的效果为止。第一次实验中，象棋大师的记忆准确性为64%，一级棋手为34%，业余新手只有18%。当棋子布局随机打乱呈现5秒时，象棋大师和一级棋手的回忆能力与业余新手的能力是一样的——只能复位2—3步棋。
案例二在另一项研究中，要求专家与新手解决代数应用题，如“把一块木板锯成两小块，其中一小块的长度是整块的三分之二，但比另一小块短四英尺，问木板锯开前的长度是多少？”专家立刻意识到所描述的问题在逻辑上是不可能的。尽管有些新手也能意识到这一点，但是其他新手只能运用公式计算，结果得出一个负长度的答案（负数）。
126.案例一中象棋大师复现真实棋局的能力高于业余新手的原因有()

【背景资料】
某施工单位承接了南方一座双向四车道分离式隧道施工，单洞设计为9.75X5m。左线起止里程桩号ZK33+259 ~ ZK37+099,进口设计隧道路面高程715. 654m,出口设计隧道路面高程764. 560m。
右线起止里程桩号YK33+305 ~YK37+125,进口设计隧道路面高程715. 523m，出口设计隧道路面高程764. 972m。坡度17. 22%，围岩级别属于IV~ V级围岩，稳定性差。
隧道围岩软弱，薄层结构，节理很发育，岩体较破碎，隧道开挖时，产生掉块，岩层富水性中等，雨季有滴水渗水现象。为保证施工安全，施工单位在该隧道施工中采用了TSP法进行超前地质预报，并在隧道施工全过程中，通过对隧道围岩动态的监控量测，掌握围岩动态和支护结构的工作状态，利用量测结果调整设计支护参数，指导施工，量测项目有洞内、外观察，锚杆轴力、围岩体内位移、支护及衬砌内应力，施工监测典型的位移--时间曲线见下图。

项目部还实行安全目标管理，采取了- -系列措施，主要如下:
事件1:根据监控量测数据及时反馈信息，适时施作二次衬砌，并保证二次衬砌距掌子面的距离IV级围岩地段不大于50m，V 级围岩地段不大于40m;同时为增加结构整体性，仰拱混凝土与拱墙混凝土同时施工。
事件2:在2017年9月26日由于施工单位没有按照监理和监控单位提出衬砌施作时机施工，产生塌方事故，导致3人死亡，塌体矢高6m，跨度12m。施工单位仔细观测塌方的范围、形状、数量大小及塌体的地质状况、地下水的分布、活动情况等，分析塌方发生的原因，研究制订处理方案。
事件3:项目施工后，同时施工该条高速公路监控系统，主要包括:交通(信号)监控子系统、视频监控子系统、调度(指令)电话子系统、火灾自动报警子系统等子系统。