（三）

甲企业为居民企业02017年有关收支情况如下：

(1)取得产品销售收入4000万元，特许权使用费收入100万元，国债利息收入50万元，接受捐赠收入100万元。

(2)业务招待费支出50万元，广告费支出500万元。

(3)支付司法机关罚金20万元，支付给客户的违约金10万元。

(4)直接向某希塑小学捐款100万元，计提准备金50万元，未经税务机关核定。

(5)其他可在企业所得税税前扣除的成本、费用、税金合计2000万元。

已知：在计算企业所得税应纳税所得额时，业务招待费支出按发生额的60%扣除，但最高不得超过当年销售（营业）收入的0.5%；广告费、业务宣传费支出，不超过当年销售（营业）收入15%的部分，允许税前扣除。

要求：

根据上述资料，分析回答下列小题。

【背景资料】某施工单位承包了一立井井筒与井底车场的施工项目。施工中，某一夜班，主提升绞车由司机张某一人值班，在下放吊桶时打盹，导致吊桶全速过放，在井底位置的李某正穿过吊桶下方从井筒一侧到另一侧去移动水泵，因躲闪不及被当场砸死。事故发生后，井下作业人员由于恐慌争先上井，赵某没有保险带，为了安全就挤在吊桶中央。吊盘信号工在把吊桶稳好后就发出提升信号升井。在升井过程中，突遇断电，赵某被甩出吊桶坠落身亡。事故发生后，项目经理立即组织事故调查小组，并上报了施工单位有关领导，同时恢复施工。经调查，赵某是新招聘的工人，以前从未从事过井下作业，尚未签订劳动合同，到了施工单位只经过3天的简单培训就下井进行作业。

背景资料：
某公司承接一城市燃气管道工程，全长3.0km，设计压力0.4MPa，直径300mm钢制管道，均采用成品防腐管。其中，AB段穿越主干路、通航河道、厂区停车场，采用定向钻拉管法施工，钢管在地面焊接完成，经外观检查等验收合格后回拖就位，施工平面图如图1所示，施工工艺流程如图2所示，穿越段土质主要为填土、砂层和粉质黏土。其余段为直埋段，采用开槽施工。

直埋段成品防腐钢管到场后，厂家提供了管道的书面资料，项目部质检员到厂家仓库取样送至厂试验室，对防腐层厚度和粘结力进行试验，经检验合格后，开始下沟安装。
施工单位针对“下穿段”编制了施工方案，方案中包含定向钻轨迹设计示意图，并明确了定向钻施工质量保证措施。

【案例五】

   某城市污水处理厂的改扩建项目，工程拆迁工作量大。建设方通过招标选择了工程施工总承包单位和拆迁公司。

   在建设主管部门例行检查中，施工项目部出示了以下资料：

   (1)桩基分包商的桩位图（注有成孔／成桩记录）及施工日志。

   (2)项目部的例会记录及施工日志。

   (3)施工总进度和年度计划图（横道图），计划图制作时间为开工初期。

   (4)月、季的施工进度报告。报告简要描述了计划执行的简况，进度偏差分析多为“拆迁影响”，以及一些工程变更、价格调整、索赔及工程款收支情况。

   检查结果表明，工程窝工现象严重。

[A] These tools can help you win every argument--not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about the issues that divide people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments--from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain mutual respect and understanding--then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.

[B] Of course, many discussions are not so successful. Still, we need to be careful not to accuse opponents of bad arguments too quickly. We need to learn how to evaluate them properly. A large part of evaluation is calling out bad arguments, but we also need to admit good arguments by opponents and to apply the same critical standards to ourselves. Humility requires you to recognize weaknesses in your own arguments and sometimes also to accept reasons on the opposite side.

[C] None of these will be easy, but you can start even if others refuse to. Next time you state your position, formulate an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. Next time you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view. Spell out their argument fully and charitably. Assess its strength impartially. Raise objections and listen carefully to their replies.

[D] Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. Your prospects would be almost as dismal if arguments were even just competitions--like, say, tennis games. Paris of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner emerges from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking is why so many people try to avoid arguments, especially about politics and religion.

[E] In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “There is only one way to get the best of an argument--and that is to avoid it.” This aversion to arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes profound problems for our personal and social lives--and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.

[F] These views of arguments also undermine reason. If you see a conversation as a fight or competition, you can win by cheating as long as you don’t get caught. You will be happy  to convince people with bad arguments. You can call their views stupid, or joke about how ignorant they are. None of these tricks will help you understand them, their positions or the issues that divide you, but they can help you win--in one way.

[G] There is a better way to win arguments. Imagine that you favor increasing the minimum wage in our state, and I do not. If you yell, “Yes,” and I yell. “No,” neither of us learns anything. We neither understand nor respect each other, and we have no basis for compromise or cooperation. In contrast, suppose you give a reasonable argument: that full-time workers should not have to live in poverty. Then I counter with another reasonable argument: that a higher minimum wage will force businesses to employ fewer people for less time. Now we can understand each other’s positions and recognize our shared values, since we both care about needy workers.

【背景资料】 某热力管线暗挖隧道，长 3.5km，断面有效尺寸为（B×H）3.2×2.8m，顶板覆土厚度 3.4m 左右。隧道穿越地层为砂土层和砂砾层，除局部有浅层滞水外，无需降水。承包方 A 公司通过招标将穿越砂砾层段 510m 隧道开挖及初期支护分包给 B 专业公司。B 公司依据 A 公司的施工组织设计，进场后由工长向现场作业人员交待了施工做法后开始施工。 施工后，B 公司在距工作竖井 48m 时，发现开挖面砂砾层间有渗水且土质松散，有塌方隐患。B 公司立即向 A 公司汇报。经有关人员研究，决定采用小导管超前加固技术措施。B 公司采用劈裂注浆法，根据以往经验确定注浆量和注浆压力，注浆过程中地面监测发现地表有隆起现象，随后 A 公司派有经验的专业技术人员协助 B 公司研究解决。

案例（五）

背景材料：

   某管道全长约llkm，其中KO+100～Kl+100段给水主干管管径为DN1200mm，管道敷设采用明挖管坑施工。管道最大埋深深度为4.83m，最小埋深深度为1.89m。沿线存在大量的通信光缆、电力管线及市政管道等。

   事件一：沟槽开挖用挖掘机一次性挖到设计标高，验槽时发现局部超挖深度达到60mm。

   事件二：管坑支护采用钢板桩或拉森钢板桩支护，根据管坑开挖深度及土质采用下图所示的支护结构：

事件三：在沟槽开挖过程中，由于疏忽，导致基坑支护结构出现较大变形，项目部采取了相应的处理措施后进行施工。

   事件四：沟槽回填前，应将砖、石、木块等杂物清除干净。管道两侧回填时从一侧向另一侧填土，回填时，应在气温最高时进行；

2022 年 10 月 30 日，御品公司因经营困难向法院申请破产清算，法院裁定其破产并依法指定金伦律师事务所担任破产管理人。债权人申报的债权情况如下：(1) 宏达公司于 2020 年对御品公司形成债权 3000 万元，后于 2022 年 12 月对御品公司欠付 2000 万元；(2) 洪山公司对御品公司拥有到期债权 500 万元；(3) 御品公司的债务人昌明公司在破产申请受理后取得昌帆公司对御品公司的债权。关于抵销权的行使，不正确的是（      ）

以下关于商法产生的说法不正确的是 ( )。

【背景资料】甲项目部在北方地区承担w市主干路道路工程施工任务，设计快车道宽12m，辅路宽10m。项目部应业主要求，将原计划安排在次年4月上旬施工的沥青混凝土面层，提前到当年10月下旬施工，抢铺出一条快车道以便于缓解市区的交通拥堵情况。施工图设计中要求基层采用石灰粉煤灰稳定砂砾，面层采用沥青混合料施工。

在基层施工过程中的一些情况如下：

(1)通过配合比试验确定相关的指标。

(2)混合料拌成后的平均堆放时间为31h。

(3)拌成后的混合料的含水量略小于最佳含水量。

沥青混合料面层施工严格按《城镇道路工程施工与质量验收规范》的规定对其质量进行控制。某段道路的施工正赶上雨期。

在我国，承担刑事诉讼职能的专门机关主要有（     ）。