2021年5月11日发布的第七次全国人口普査结果显示，全国人口共（）人，与2010年第六次全国人口普查数据相比，增加7206万人，增长5.38%，年平均增长率为0.53%，比2000年到2010年的年平均增长率0.57%下降0.04个百分点。国务院第七次全国人口普査领导小组副组长、国家统计局局长宁吉喆表示，数据表明，我国人口10年来继续保持（）态势。

患者，男，27岁。因车祸伤及内脏出现循环衰竭症状，经抢救无效死亡。头部垫枕头的主要目的是（  ）

必修课程是国家和地方对各阶段所有学生发展的基础性要求。

行政相对人在起诉书中指控的被告为行政机关工作人员时，受诉人民法院应（      ）。

患者 ，男，20岁 。左踝部疼痛，行走时加重，喜温热，舌苔白，脉弦紧。治疗应首选

对于信用卡的说法，错误的是（  ）。

银行业监管机构的监管措施中，不包含（  ）。

关于义务教育，下列说法正确的是()

患儿，男，6岁 。皱眉眨眼，摇头耸肩，嘴角抽动，时伴异常发声，病情时轻时重 。抽动能受意志遏制，可暂时不发作 。查脑电图未见异常 。其诊断是

Passage 2

Everyone knows that English departments are in trouble, but you can't appreciate just how much trouble until you read the new report from the Modern Language Association. The report is about Ph.D. programs, which have been in decline since 2008. These programs have gotten both more difficult and less rewarding: today, it can take almost a decade to get a doctorate, and, at the end of your program, you' re unlikely to find a tenure-track job.

The core of the problem is, of course, the job market. The M.L.A. report estimates that only sixty per cent of newly-minted Ph.D.s will find tenure-track jobs after graduation. If anything, that's wildly optimistic: the M.L.A. got to that figure by comparing the number of tenure-track jobs on its job list(around six hundred) with the number of new graduates(about a thousand). But that leaves out the thousands of unemployed graduates from past years who are still job-hunting-not to mention the older professors who didn't receive tenure, and who now find themselves competing with their former students. In all likelihood, the number of jobs per candidate is much smaller than the report suggests. That's why the mood is so dire-why even professors are starting to ask, in the committee's words, "Why maintain doctoral study in the modern languages and literatures-or the rest of the humanities-at all?"

Those trends, in turn, are part of an even larger story having to do with the expansion and transformation of American education after the Second World War. Essentially, colleges grew less elite and more vocational. Before the war, relatively few people went to college. Then, in the nineteen-fifties, the G.I. Bill and, later, the Baby Boom pushed colleges to grow rapidly. When the boom ended, colleges found themselves overextended and competing for students. By the mid-seventies, schools were creating new programs designed to attract a broader range of students-for instance, women and minorities.

Those reforms worked: as Nate Silver reported in the Times last summer, about twice as many people attend college per capita now as did forty years ago. But all that expansion changed colleges.

In the past, they had catered to elite students who were happy to major in the traditional liberal arts. Now, to attract middle-class students, colleges had to offer more career-focused majors, in fields like business, communications, and health care. As a result, humanities departments have found themselves drifting away from the center of the university. Today, they are often regarded as a kind of institutional luxury, paid for by dynamic, cheap, and growing programs in, say, adult-education. These large demographic facts are contributing to today's job-market crisis: they' re why, while education as a whole is growing, the humanities aren't.

Given all this, what can an English department do? The M.L.A. report contains a number of suggestions. Pride of place is given to the idea that grad school should be shorter: "Departments should design programs that can be completed in five years."That will probably require changing the dissertation from a draft of an academic book into something shorter and simpler. At the same time, graduate students are encouraged to "broaden" themselves: to "engage more deeply with technology"; to pursue unusual and imaginative dissertation projects; to work in more than one discipline; to acquire teaching skills aimed at online and community-college students; and to take workshops on subjects, such as project management and grant writing, which might be of value outside of academia. Graduate programs, the committee suggests, should accept the fact that many of their students will have non-tenured, or even non-academic, careers. They should keep track of what happens to their graduates, so that students who decide to leave academia have a non-academic alumni network to draw upon.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word  "dire" in Paragraph 2?

抗菌谱可覆盖毛霉菌属的吡咯类抗真菌药物是（    ）