某大型水电站工地，施工单位A在重力坝浇筑过程中，管理人员只在作业现场的危险区悬挂了警示牌，夜间施工时，却发生了高空坠落死亡3人的事故。工程建设期间，还时常发生当地群众到建设管理单位及施工工地大量聚集事件。当工程某隐蔽部位的一道工序施工结束，在未通知监理人员到场检验的情况下，为赶施工进度，项目经理紧接着就指挥完成下道工序的浇筑。

宪法规定，国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依照法律规定对土地实行（            ）。

【背景资料】

某堤防工程项目业主与承包商签订了工程施工承包合同。合同中估算工程量为5300m³，单价为180元/m³。合同工期为6个月。有关付款条款如下：
(1)开工前业主应向承包商支付签约合同总价20%的工程预付款；
(2)当累计实际完成工程量超过估算工程量的10%时，可对超出10%部分进行调价，调价系数为0.9；
(3)每月签发付款最低金额为15万元；
(4)工程预付款从乙方获得累计工程款超过签约合同价的30%以后的下一个月算起，至第五个月均匀扣除；
(5)本工程质量保证金在合同工程完工验收后，通过延长履约保函一年担保。
承包商每月实际完成并经签证确认的工程量见表1F420140-4。

根据资料 (2)，甲公司委托加工完成的 N 产品的实际成本是 (    ) 元。

对于在税费方面违反国民待遇的指控，审查的事项有（   ）。

Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore,” he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.

Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.

But there is also a different way to look at the data.

Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every year. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place. Other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.

For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers – and upward pressure  on wages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers,” says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm. “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing as well as manufacturing,” Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.

At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keeps a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers. Five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work- placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.

At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I love creating,” he says.

But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession,” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.

These concerns aren’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 20When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.

“The gap is between the jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill. It’s that gap in between, and that’s where the problem is.”

Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community College points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives,” she says.

某公司建一项城市桥梁工程，设计为双幅分离式四车道，下部结构为墩柱式桥墩，上部结构为简支梁。该桥盖梁采取支架法施工，项目部编制了盖梁支架模板搭设安装专项方案。包括如下内容：采用盘扣式钢管满堂支架；仅对支架强度进行计算，考虑了模板荷载，支架自重和盖梁钢筋混凝土的自重；核定地基承载力不符合施工要求；对支架搭设范围的地面进行平整预压后立即搭设支架。盖梁模板支架搭设示意如图。

事件一：架子工未完成全部斜撑搭设被工长查出要求补齐。现场支架模板安装完成后，迫于工期压力，项目部立即开始混凝土浇筑，被监理叫停下达了暂停施工通知，并提出整改要求。

事件二：监理工程师提出，为了增强支架的稳定性。在支架的左侧右侧，应分别增加两根斜撑。斜撑的起点节点可能为a\b\c；终止节点可能为图中1\2\3\4\5。

事件三：支架施工完毕，施工单位编制了拆除方案，上报监理审批。监理提出，应补充支架拆除的安全措施。

【背景资料】某市政公司承建某城市供热管道一级管网工程，DN800mm，全长1000m。管道采取预制保温管，焊接连接。管道平行于现有道路架空铺设，采用钢筋混凝土支架，施工断面图如下图所示。

事件一：施工单位进场后，结合地质勘察报告，采取明挖放坡开挖施工的方式，边坡1:1。根据施工图纸测算了开挖的土方量。
事件二：由于靠近现有道路，施工单位计算了边坡放坡线距离现有道路边缘的距离A。
事件三：施工方案中拟定的钢筋混凝土支架施工工序如下：测量定位→B→垫层施工→C→钢筋安装→混凝土浇筑→D→拆模
事件四：为了保证施工过程中周边环境的安全，监理工程师要求做好监测。
事件五：保温管道进场验收合格后焊接，对焊工甲的某固定焊口检查过程发现，一道焊缝超声波检测不合格。针对该质量事故，项目部按照规范对该不合格焊缝和甲焊工的其他焊缝进行处理。

【背景资料】
某重要的三级旅游公路，设计速度为40km/h，起讫桩号K0+000～K8+300，项目所在区域湿润、多雨，且年降水量在600mm 以上。路基材料为渗水差的细粒土(渗透系数不大于10～5cm/s)，路面底基层、基层由无机结合料稳定材料组成，路面面层为C30 水泥混凝土，路面结构形式示意如图2-1 所示。

施工中发生如下事件：
事件一：在路面底基层、基层施工时，施工单位对无机结合料稳定材料组成进行了设计，设计流程如图2-2 所示：

事件二：施工单位在无机结合料稳定材料组成设计中，采用振动压实方法确定最大干密度指标。
事件三：水泥混凝土路面施工过程中，施工单位工地实验室做了水泥混凝土抗压强度试验，方法如下：
①采用边长为100mm 的正方体标准试件。
②发现有蜂窝缺陷，在实验前1d 用水泥浆填补修整，并在报告中加以说明。
③以试件成型时的正面作为受压面进行了压力试验。
事件四：水泥混凝土路面施工前，施工单位做了一段路面试验段。试验段水泥混凝土路面硬化后，施工单位发现局部出现龟裂现象。经专家组分析，排除了混凝土过度振捣或抹平、模板与垫层过于干燥，吸水大以及养护不足等原因，主要是混凝土拌制的原因。

（二）背景资料
某施工单位承担了一主要石门巷道的施工，巷道穿过的岩层主要是不稳定的泥岩、中等稳定的砂页岩层和部分稳定的砂岩层，局部可能会遇到含水的断层破碎带。设计单位所提供的锚喷网支护参数：锚杆长度2.0m，间排距1.0m，锚固力不低于80kN，钢筋网钢筋直径8mm，网格尺寸200mm×200mm，外喷100mm厚混凝土，强度等级为C15。
施工过程中，施工单位为提高掘进循环进尺，钻眼爆破采取了加深炮眼深度、增加装药量、减少炮眼总数的技术措施，以节约工作面的钻眼爆破工序时间，达到缩短整个循环时间来提高施工速度。实际执行的效果并不理想，没有取得预期的效果。同时喷射混凝土以控制巷道表面平整度。施工单位还根据巷道围岩的条件，及时变更了支护参数，工作面先打锚杆进行临时支护，挂网、喷射混凝土在距离工作面后方50m处进行，以保证掘进与支护工作平行作业。
在钻眼爆破施工中，施工严格“一炮三检””措施落实和放炮后安全检查，加强顶板事故预防措施落实，保证了安全施工。

 今年小李因购买一辆自用新能源汽车向银行申请个人汽车贷款，该车的价格为90万元，因在节日促销时购买，汽车经销商以95折出售。