以古今汉语为例，说明语言发展的基本规律及其特点。[中国传媒大学]

教学是学校实现教育目的的基本途径。

徐庾体

试述曹操诗歌内容及艺术特点。

郑愁予

设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的英语听说教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：
●teaching objectives
●teaching contents
●key and difficult points
●major steps and time allocation
●activities and justifications
教学时间：20分钟
学生概况：某城镇普通高中三年级学生，班级人数40人，多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》六级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。
语言素材：
A great Chinese scientist Father of the Chinese space programme Yu Ping（YP）is talking to her friend Steve Smith（SS）about Qian Xuesen and his work as a rocket scientist.
Part1
YP:What do you want to be when you grow up，Steve？
SS:I want to be an astronomer and visit stars.I wish to visit Mars one day.
YP:I think I'd like to work in the space industry，too. I'd like to be a rocket scientist like Qian Xuesen.
SS:What did he have to do to become a rocket scientist？
YP:Well，he first studied at university to be an engineer.Later he went to America to study for his doctor's degree.It was then he began to work on rockets.
SS:So it was lucky for our space programme  that he came back to China.
YP:Very much so. There was no work on space rockets in China before his institute to design and build rockets to go into space.
Part2
SS:Do you think he wanted to travel into space in one of his rockets？
YP:I have no idea but I believe he looked forward to the first space flight by a Chinese astronaut.
SS: Yes. Now that China has sent satelites into space,I hope we' ll be the first to land on Mars.
That would really be something special and if I were that astronaut I would put Qian Xuesen's picture on Mars to show how much we admire his work.
YP: Indeed. He is rightfully called the father of the Chinese space programme. He is my hero and this is why I want to be a rocket scientist.
SS: Well, we'd better get on with our homework. We need good grades to get into university.
YP: Right you are. See you, then.
SS: See you.

某公司承接了一项市政排水管道工程，管道为DN1200mm的混凝土管，合同价位1000万元，采用明挖开槽施工。
项目部进场后立即编制施工组织设计，拟将表层杂填土放坡挖除后再打设钢板桩。设置两道水平钢支撑及型钢围檩，沟槽支护如下图所示。沟槽拟采用机械开挖至设计标高，清槽后浇筑混凝土基础；混凝土直接从商品混凝土输送车上卸料到坑底。


在施工至下管工序时，发生了如下事件：吊车支腿距沟槽边缘较近致使沟槽局部变形过大，导致吊车倾覆：正在吊装的混凝土管道掉入沟槽，导致一名施工人员重伤。施工负责人立即将伤员送到医院救治，同时将吊车拖离现场，用了两天时间对沟槽进行清理加固。在这些工作完成后，项目部把事故和处理情况汇报至上级主管部门。
[问题]
1)根据建造师职业工程规模标准，本工程属于小型、中型还是大型工程？说明该工程规模类型的限定条件。
2)本沟槽开挖深度是多少？
3)用图中序号①～⑤及“→”表示支护体系施工和拆除的先后顺序。
4)指出施工组织设计中错误之处并给出正确做法。
5)按安全事故类别分类，背景资料中的事故属哪类？该事故处理过程存在哪些不妥之处？

材料：
下面是某老师“价值与价值观”一课的教学片段。
老师：当今是一个文化多元、价值观多样的时代，每位同学都有自己的价值观，让我们共同探讨一个问题。（PPT展示讨论题）
如果大家面临这样一个困境：爸爸是间歇性精神病患者，病中捡了一个女弃婴，你母亲不堪重负，离家出走。作为家庭中的顶梁柱，正在读中学的你会怎么想，怎么做呢？请说明理由。
学生甲说：爸爸是精神病患者，这种病很危险的，我觉得应该送他去精神病院治疗。
学生乙说：他连自己都养不活，还捡了个女婴，应该把婴儿送去孤儿院。
学生丙说：还要有一种抱负，当一名可以治疗爸爸疾病的医生，治好爸爸的病。
老师说：同学们说得都很好。
问题：根据老师教学内容和学生的回答，分析所设置问题的优点和缺点。（20分）

简述皮亚杰认知发展理论的教育启示。

分别计算BCWP₀₁和BCWP₀₂。

直埋段管道下沟前，质检员还应补充检测哪些项目？并说明检测方法。