Passage3

       Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

       To swim across the English Channel takes at least nine hours.It's a hard work and it makes you short of breath.To fly over the Channel takes only twenty minutes (as long as you're not held up at the airport), but it's an expensive way to travel.You can travel by hovercraft if you don't mind the noise, and that takes forty minutes.Otherwise, you can go by boat, if you remember your seasickness pills.All these means of transport have their problems and the weary traveler often dreams of being able to drive to France in his own car."Not possible," you say.Well, wait a minute.People are once again considering the idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge.

         This time, the Greater London Council is looking into the possibility of building a Channel link straight to London.(79)A bridge would cost far more than a tunnel, but you would be able to go by rail or by car on a bridge, whereas a tunnel would provide a rail link only.

         Why is this idea being discussed again? Is Britain becoming more conscious of the need for links with Europe as a result of joining the EEC (欧共体)?Well, perhaps.The main reason,though, is that a tunnel or bridge would reach the twenty square kilometers of London's disused docklands.A link from London to the continent would stimulate trade and revitalize the port,and would make London a main trading center in Europe.(80) With a link over the Channel, you could buy your fish and chips in England and be able to eat them in France while they were still warm!

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems.For example, too many tourists

can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country's economy,(79) It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the well-being of local inhabitants.

Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country's economy can suffer.

On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs.Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels,airports, air terminals, first-class roads, and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions.(80) For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build.  If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money.

Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste,and water. All of these support facilities cost money.If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.

材料：

下面是一位学生给老师的“求助信”。

许老师，您好!

我在初中时学习成绩一直很好，可上高中以来学习成绩却不是很理想，尤其是近几次考试都没考好，这让我很沮丧，越来越不自信。现在一提到考试，我就浑身不自在，怀疑自己到底能不能把成绩提高。在平时学习中，我都能很好地理解知识，完成作业，老师和同学们也认为我的能力较强，常常推荐我参加一些学习竞赛，但我都推辞了，觉得自己能力不够，不能胜任。有时候我会不由自主地想：我能行吗?我还能考好吗?我是不是再也考不出好成绩了?

老师，我特别希望改变我目前的状态，在以后的考试中能取得好成绩，不辜负老师和同学们对我的信任，因此希望得到您的帮助。谢谢!

学生：海波3月31日

问题：

明代中后期，封建社会内部发生变化，商品经济繁荣，封建正统观念没落，官僚阶层虚伪风气盛行。李贽提出“童心说”，追求心灵本真，《西游记》则在文学层面体现了这种精神追求。

问题：

2007年10月9日下午，某县花边厂职工邹某倒汽车时，不慎将已停在该地的个体出租车司机林某的出租车剐了一下。为此林某和邹某夫妇发生口角，以致双方互相扭扯。在扭扯中，林某打了邹某妻子一巴掌，致其轻微伤，后被邻居劝解。当晚，邹某召集制锁厂职工尤某和妹夫陈某等人于23时许，持刀闯入林某家，邹某殴打林某及其丈夫。次日凌晨1时许，邹某、陈某和尤某再次闯进林某家，捣毁林某家部分家具。之后，该三人又闯到林某的胞妹家，捣毁其家里部分家具。2007年11月1日，某县公安局根据《治安管理处罚法》的规定，以“故意殴打他人”为由，对邹某、林某处以行政拘留10天，对尤某、陈某分别处以治安警告处罚。林某认为公安机关给自己行政拘留10天处罚过重，而仅给邹某10天拘留处罚和对尤某、陈某只处以警告处罚过轻，提出申诉。某市公安局维持了原裁决。林某仍不服，向某县人民法院提起行政诉讼。

问题：

【背景资料】
国有资金投资拟建设的某智能大厦，建设方对其中某套设备系统的甲、乙两个方案进行比选，其初始投资分别为120万元、150万元，每年的运营维护费用分别为5万元、3万元，无残值。使用年限为10年，到期后更换其他设备系统。选取设备系统中的F1、F2、F3、F4四个主要功能进行评价，其评分及各个功能的权重见表2.1。初始投资发生在期初，其他费用均发生在期末，不考虑建设期影响，年复利率为6%，已知（P/A，6%，10）＝7.360，（P/F，6%，10）＝0.558。

该智能大厦的施工采用工程量清单方式公开招标，单价合同，接受联合体投标，招投标过程中发生如下事件：
事件1：招标文件中规定，未中标人的投标保证金在投标有效期满后5日内退还，约定履约保证金为中标金额的15%，在签订合同时，中标人如不能按照招标文件的要求提交履约保证金，将被取消中标资格。
事件2：评标时，评标委员会发现投标人A（联合体）的成员单位按照招标文件要求提供的安全生产许可证已过期，但牵头人单位提供的安全生产许可证在有效期内；发现投标人B的某项造价占比较大的清单子目的综合单价低于最高投标限价中相应单价30%以上，就此向投标人B发出澄清函，投标人B书面回复称，由于询价失误，造成该项子目的材料单价偏低并且重新修改了该项清单子目的综合单价及合价，并据此修改其投标总价。
事件3：投标人C中标后，在签订合同时提出，政府部门最新发布的材料价格风险分担指导性文件规定材料价格的变动超过±5%时由发包人承担风险，原招标文件中“材料价格变动超过±10%时调整综合单价”的规定在合同中应改为“材料价格变动超过±5%时调整综合单价”。

【背景资料】某文物单位选择一家施工单位。
事件1：施工单位统计了部分工作如下：①场地内建筑物拆除；②土方开挖（挖土深度2.0m）；③幕墙工程（施工高度60m）；④钢结构安装（跨度40m）；⑤落地式钢管脚手架搭设（搭设高度20m）；⑥异形脚手架。
事件2：施工过程中，因混凝土强度不合格，造成了质量事故。
事件3：竣工验收前，已经具备的条件有：施工单位完成建设工程设计和合同约定各项内容；已具备完整的施工管理资料；主要建筑材料进场试验报告；勘察、设计、施工、工程监理等单位分别签署了质量合格文件。

一年级语文课上，王老师教授童话故事《蚂蚁和蝈蝈》:蚂蚁夏天搬运粮食，冬天过着幸福生活；蝈蝈夏天玩耍，冬天不好过。初读课文后，王老师问：“你们喜欢谁?”学生踊跃发言：“我们喜欢小蚂蚁。”“小蚂蚁真勤快。”“小蚂蚁真爱劳动。”“小蚂蚁真能吃苦。”对于这些发言，王老师都给予了鼓励。可是有位学生却说：“小蚂蚁是小偷。”面对这不同的声音，王老师首先肯定了学生爱动脑筋，并组织学生讨论。

当学生们争执不下时，王老师说：“要说小蚂蚁是小偷，可要有证据哦。要弄清这个问题，就要仔细观察小蚂蚁的生活习性，请大家课后完成这个作业。”就这样，王老师巧妙地处理了 “小蚂蚁是不是小偷”的争执，又引导学生回到课本，让学生悟出了童话故事所蕴含的道理。

问题：

某施工单位中标新建教学楼工程，建筑面积 2.46 万平方米，地上 4 层 ;钢筋混凝土框架-剪力  墙结构，部分楼板采用预制钢筋混凝土叠合板，砌  体采用空心混凝土砌块，外立面为玻璃和石材幕墙， 部分内墙采用装饰抹灰工艺。项目部建立了质量保  证体系并制定质量管理制度，要求施工重要工序和  关键节点工序交接检查时严格执行“三检”制度，采用目测法、实测法及试验法对现场工程质量进行  检查。叠合板预制构件未进行结构性能检验，无驻  厂监督生产。进场后，项目部会同监理工程师按规  定对叠合板预制构件主要受力钢筋规格等项目进行  实体检验，合格后批准使用。项目部在自检中发现  填充墙与主体结构交接处出现裂缝，技术人员制定  了包括柱边设置间距500mm 的 2Ф6 钢筋、里口用半  砖斜砌墙等专项防治措施，要求现场严格执行。公  司在装饰抹灰检查中发现有抹灰层脱层、空鼓，面  层爆灰、裂缝、表面不平整、接槎和抹纹明显等与  一般抹灰相同的质量通病;在检查幕墙安全和功能   检验资料时发现，只有硅酮结构胶相容性和剥离粘  结性、幕墙气密性和水密性等检验项目报告。施工  完成后，项目部对建筑节能工程的所有分部分项工  程进行了验收，符合要求后提交了竣工预验收申请。

       The role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century,____56____in the last twenty years.The main change has been____57____giving women greater equality with men.____58____to the beginning of this century, women seem to have had____59____rights.They could not vote and were kept at home.____60____, as far as we know, most women were happy____61____this situation.Today,women in Britain certainly____62____more rights than they used to.They were    ____63____the vote in 1919.In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal____64____of wealth in the case of divorce,____65____the Equal Pay Act gave them the right____66____equal pay with men for work of equal value in the same year.

    Yet____67____these changes, there are still great differences in status between men and women.Many employers seem to____68____the Equal Pay Act, and the average working women is____69____to earn only about half____70____a man earns for the same job.____71____a survey, at present,only one-third of the country's workers are____72____women.This small percentage is partly ____73____a shortage of nurseries. If there were____74____nurseries, twice as many women____75____go out to work.