【背景资料】
某施工企业承揽一土石坝工程施工任务，并组建了现场项目部。为加快施工进度，该项目部按坝面作业的铺料、整平和压实三个主要工序组建专业施工队施工，并将该坝面分为三个施工段，按施工段1、施工段2、施工段3顺序组织流水作业，并编制了双代号网络进度计划图。（时间单位：天）

【问题】

【背景资料】某石灰石矿山筹建于2009年，2012年5月投产，属村民集体企业，各类证照齐全。鲍某为法人代表（矿长），负责该矿山的生产经营活动，年产量10×10^4t左右，所采矿石为灰岩夹薄层泥岩，主要用于烧制石灰，碎渣用于铺筑公路。
该矿山由于历史原因，采取“一面墙”开采，设计工作帮坡角为35°，实际工作帮坡角68°，采场边坡一度达300米，没有及时安设在线监测设施，也未按设计设置安全平台和清扫平台，在穿孔作业时采取干打眼，未安设喷雾设施，也未给职工发放劳动防护用品。
2022年9月16日9时，采场班长章某带领15人进入采场作业，其中包括新入采场仅2日的何某，章某安排2人进行穿孔作业，剩余人员进行边坡清理，铲装运输等作业。
10时左右，在边坡附近作业的李某向章某汇报，说看到老采场好像有岩石垮落，但这并未引起章某的重视。10时20分左右，采场西南部原停止开采的边坡发生坍塌，1200余立方石头崩落，其中四分之三左右的石头坍落在南面上部原停止开采的场地，另有四分之一左右的石头（约300m³）坍落在正在作业的采场，当时现场有作业人员15人，其中5人逃出（2人受轻伤），其余10人全部被压埋，最终造成10死2轻伤的伤亡事故。
经事故调查发现：现采矿场西南部非工作帮10余米的原采矿场，因历史开采原因，上部前倾，形成阴山坎。事故发生前1日多次实施爆破作业，且炮孔装药量较多，震动大。该厂安全管理不善，现场作业安全管理制度不健全，从业人员教育培训不足。
根据以上场景，回答下列问题（共22分）：

某工程公司承建一座城市跨河桥梁工程。河道宽36m，水深2m，流速较大，两岸平坦开阔。桥梁为三跨(35+50+35)m预应力混凝土连续箱梁，总长120m。桥梁下部结构为双柱式花瓶墩，埋置式桥台，钻孔灌注桩基础。桥梁立面见图1。

项目部编制了施工组织设计，内容包包括：
1.经方案比选，确定导流方案为：从施工位置的河道上下游设置挡水围堰，将河水明渠导流在桥梁施工区域外，在围堰内施工桥梁下部结构：
2.上部结构采用模板支架现浇法施工，工艺流程为：支架基础施工→支架满堂搭设→底模安装→A→钢筋绑扎→混凝土浇筑及养护一~预应力张拉→模板及支架拆除。
预应力筋为低松弛钢绞线，选用夹片式锚具。项目部拟参照类似工程经验数值确定预应力筋理论伸长值。采用应力值控制张拉，以伸长值进行校核。
项目部根据识别出的危大工程编制了安：全专项施工方案，按相关规定进行了专家论证，在施工现场显著位置设立了危大工程公告牌并在危险区域设置安全警示标志。

[A] The first and more important is the consumer’s growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 20This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.

[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.

[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.

[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.

[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined-France, Germany, Italy, and Spain-are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are too small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don’t eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as “horeca”: hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe’s wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.

[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000-more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.

[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers (and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.

【背景资料】

A公司承建中水管道工程，全长870m，管径DN600mm。管道出厂由南向北垂直下穿快速路后，沿道路北侧绿地向西排入内湖，管道覆土3.0〜3.2m，管材为碳素钢管，防腐层在工厂内施作。施工图设计建议：长38m下穿快速路的管段采用机械顶管法施工混凝土套管；其余管段全部采用开凿法施工。施工区域土质较好，开挖土方可用于沟槽回填，施工时可不考虑地下水影响。依据合同约定，A公司将顶管施工分包给B专业公司。开槽段施工从西向东采用流水作业。

施工过程中发生如下事件：

事件一：质量员发现个别管段沟槽胸腔回填存在采用推土机从沟槽一侧推土入槽的不当施工现象，立即责令施工队停工整改。

事件二：由于发现顶管施工范围内有不明管线，B公司项目部征得A公司项目负责人同意，拟改用人工顶管方法施工混凝土套管。

事件三：质量安全监督部门例行检査时，发现顶管坑内电缆破损较多，存在严重安全隐患，对A公司和建设单位进行通报批评；A公司对B公司处以罚款。

事件四：受局部拆迁影响，开槽施工段出现进度滞后局面，项目部拟采用调整工作关系的方法控制施工进度。

【背景资料】
某公路隧道最大埋深约150m，设计净高5.0m，净宽14.0m，隧道长1200m。隧道区域内主要为微风化岩石，隧道区域内地表水系较发育，区域内以基岩裂隙水为主，浅部残坡积层赋存松散岩类孔隙水，洞口围岩变化段水系较发达。隧道施工采用钻爆法进行光面爆破，施工中按照爆破设计布置了周边眼，掏槽眼及辅助眼。

山猫公司申请宣告破产，法院受理了申请，下列债权可以申报的是（      ）

刑罚特殊预防的对象是(   )。

【背景资料】
某施工单位承接了某高速公路合同段的施工任务，该合同段起讫桩号为K9+060-K14+270，公路沿线经过大量水田，水系发育，有大量软士地基。其中在K11+350附近软士厚度为4.5～8.0m，设计采用水泥粉体搅拌桩进行处理，水泥掺量为14%，桩径为50cm，桩间距离为150cm，呈正三角形布置。桩顶地基设砂砾垫层，厚度为30cm。另再一座中心桩号为K13+050的大桥，其桥台后填土较高、荷载较大，需按规范要求进行台背回填。项目开工前，施工单位编制了实施性施工组织设计，确定了主要分部分项工程的施工办法、施工机械配备等，指定了进度计划，并经监理工程师批准，双代号网络计划如图5所示。

施工过程中发生了如下事件：

事件一：水泥粉体搅拌桩施工前，施工单位进行了成桩试验，确定了满足设计喷入量要求的水泥粉体搅撑桩施工工艺参数，包括钻进速度、搅拌速度等。施工过程中，施工单位严格按规范要求进行质量检验，实测项目主要包括垂直度、承载力、桩长、桩径、桩距等。检验发现有部分桩体出现下沉，下沉量在1.2～2.0m之间不等，施工单位按规范要求采取措施对桩体下沉进行了处理。
事件二：施工组织设计中，桥台台背回填的技术方案部分内容如下：①台背填料选用砂石料或二灰土；②自台身起，顺路线方向，填土的长度在顶面处不小于桥台的高度；③锥坡填土与台背填土同时进行；④采用小型机械进行压实，压实度不小于94%；⑤台背回填在结构物强度达到设计强度65%以上时进行。
事件三：合同履行过程中，先后出现了以下几个可能影响工期的情形：①因设计变更，工作（B）的工程量由50 000m增加至60 000m；②工作（D）结束后，业主指令在工作（G）之前增加一项工程，完成该新增工程需要30天；③因业主供应的某主要材料检验不合恪，导致工作（1）开始时间推迟40天，施工单位按合同约定分别就以上3个情形向业主提出工期索赔。

“江山易改，秉性难移”表明人格具有稳定性。(  )

下列关于国际经济法的渊源说法正确的是（   ）。