简述《普通高中地理课程标准（实验）》中“对地理知识理解与应用的评价”这一评价建议的理解。（10分）
参考答案
参考解析
【分析题】
材料：
某教师为调动学生学习地理的兴趣，曾制定过一项“地理期末总评成绩加分规则”，在每学期的第一节课向学生公布。具体内容有以下几个方面。
（1）如果你在课堂上提出一个有思考价值的问题或有创意地解答一个问题，期末成绩加1分；
（2）如果你结合地理学习内容撰写一篇小论文并在班级演讲，期末成绩加2分；
（3）如果你给班级出一期地理黑板报或墙报，期末成绩加2分；
（4）如果你策划并组织一次地理班会，期末成绩加2分；
（5）如果你在全校范围内组织一次地理课外兴趣活动，期末成绩加5分。
问题：
（1）结合材料分析这项加分规则的优点。（10分）
（2）指出这项加分规则的缺陷或弊端。（6分）
【分析题】
某公司持有由甲、乙、丙、丁四种股票构成的投资组合，它们的β系数分别为2.0、1.5、0.5、1.0；它们在证券组合中所占比重分别为40%、30%、10%、20%，市场上所有股票的平均收益率为12%，无风险收益率为8%。要求：
（1）计算各股票的必要收益率；
（2）计算投资组合的β系数；
（3）计算投资组合的必要收益率。[南京大学]
【分析题】
Directions:
Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
①We tend to think that friends and family members are our biggest sources of connection, laughter, and warmth. ②While that may well be true, researchers have also recently found that interacting with strangers actually brings a boost in mood and feelings of belonging that we didn't expect.
①In one series of studies, researchers instructed Chicago-area commuters using public transportation to strike up a conversation with someone near them. ②On average, participants who followed this instruction felt better than those who had been told to stand or sit in silence. ③The researchers also argued that when we shy away from casual interactions with strangers, it is often due to a misplaced anxiety that they might not want to talk to us. ④Much of the time, however, this belief is false. ⑤As it turns out, many people are actually perfectly willing to talk—and may even be flattered to receive your attention.
