甲公司是一家装修企业,为增值税一般纳税人,2022年12月该公司发生如下业务:
(1)1日,甲公司通过竞标与乙公司签订一项服务期为20个月的装修合同,合同约定不含税装修价款为3200万元,为取得该合同,甲公司支付因投标而发生的差旅费6万元,支付咨询费3万元,另支付促成合同的中介机构佣金15万元,全部款项通过银行存款支付,甲公司预期上述支出未来均能收回。
(2)当月,甲公司为履行与乙公司的合同,累计发生装修成本100万元,其中,装修人员薪酬为50万元,水电费为10万元,装修设备折旧费为40万元。水电费已通过银行存款支付,装修人员薪酬尚未支付,为完成该合同甲公司估计还将发生装修成本1900万元。
(3)31日,甲公司收到乙公司支付的合同价款160万元和增值税税额14.4万元,全部款项已收存银行并开具增值税专用发票给乙公司。甲公司确认当月合同收入并结转合同履约成本,采用与相关合同收入确认相同的基础对合同取得成本、合同履约成本进行摊销。该装修合同属于在某一时间内履行的单项履行义务,甲公司按照累计实际发生的成本占预计总成本占预计总成本的比例确定履约进度。
要求:
根据上述资料,不考虑其他因素,分析回答下列
2.根据资料(2),下列各项中,关于甲公司发生装修成本会计处理表述正确的是()。
甲旅游公司的下列进项税额中,准予全额抵扣的是( )。
购进办公用品的进项税额3900元
购进用于员工餐饮服务的进项税额30元
购进广告服务的进项税额6000元
购进办公室装修用建筑服务的进项税额6300元
(四)背景资料
某施工单位承担一矿山立井井筒的施工任务,该立井井筒净直径6.5m,深度560m。其中表土段深度30m,井壁厚度650mm,采用井圈背板普通法施工。基岩段深度530m,井壁厚度500mm,混凝土强度等级为C30,采用普通钻眼爆破法施工。施工单位编制了该井筒的施工组织设计,主要内容如下:
1、井筒施工方案:井筒表土段采用短掘短砌单行作业。基岩段采用短段掘砌混合作业,伞钻打眼,炮眼深度4.0m,中心回转抓岩机出渣,两套单钩吊桶提升,金属整体伸缩式模板砌壁,段高3.5m。
2、井内施工设备:主提升为3m³吊桶,副提升为2m³吊桶;1台FTD-6伞钻和2台HZ-6中心回转抓岩机均悬挂在三层吊盘上;金属伸缩式模板采用4根钢丝绳地面凿井绞车悬吊;混凝土溜灰管采用2根钢丝绳地面凿井绞车悬吊;压风管、供水管、环境钢风筒采用井壁固定;凿井吊盘采用6根钢丝绳悬吊;各种电缆按相关规定悬吊。
3、井筒施工组织:井筒安排专业施工队伍实施滚班作业,掘进循环时间约24小时,月进尺不低于80m。
4、主要技术要求:井筒基岩施工必须采用光面爆破,装岩提升全面实行机械化作业,采用溜灰管下放混凝土,脱模时混凝土强度不低于0.5MPa,井壁厚度偏差符合设计要求,建成后的井筒总漏水量不大于10.0m³/h,且不得小于1.0m³/h以上的集中出水孔。井筒施工期间采用激光指向仪定向。
该立井井筒施工组织设计编制完成后,上报相关部门进行审批,相关部门要求进行修改。施工单位及时进行了修改,最终获得批准执行。
在井筒施工到深度520m时,吊盘工发现吊盘紧靠井筒一侧且下放困难,于是报告项目经理。经检查发现激光指向仪投点偏移井筒中心300mm,井筒偏斜100mm~400mm,高度约15m。
根据资料(3),下列各项中,甲公司预收合同款的会计处理正确的是( )。
借记“银行存款”科目32.7万元
贷记“预收账款”科目30万元
贷记“合同负债”科目30万元
贷记“其他应付款”科目30万元
It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it’s entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.
We can choose to see failure as “the end of the world,” or we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something, we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they’re how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.
Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.
A公司承接了一幢5层办公大楼的机电安装工程,工程内容包括:强弱电系统、消防系统、电梯系统、通风空调系统、建筑智能化系统等。经过建设单位同意,A公司将其中消防系统、建筑智能化系统的施工分别分包给了B公司、C公司。
A公司进场后,考虑到施工专业多,人员多,为防止发生质量安全事故,保障施工的顺利进行,特别加强了施工现场的内部协调管理,强调了对工程分承包单位协调管理的重点。
施工中发生以下事件:
事件一:监理工程师发现,B公司。施工时末端试水装置(图1)的出水方式、排水立管有质量问题,末端试水装置漏装管件要求整改。
事件二:工程进行到第四周,C公司对前3周的工作进行了统计分析(见表2),有关统计情况如下表
因进度偏差过大,A公司对C公司提出了警告,督促采取措施调整施工进度计划。
事件三:施工过程中,建设单位修改了设计图纸,导致C公司已敷设好的线路全部作废,返工造成工期增加了5天,费用增加2万,C公司向建设单位提出了索赔。在后续施工中,C公司又出现了材料丢失、库存台账不符、超额用料等问题。
对钢轨铺设方法、焊接工艺、无砟轨道与线下施工单位交接
某集团公司承建时速为200km的客货共线铁路铺轨工程(含基地厂焊接长钢轨),线路全长194km,线下工程包括:路基工程、桥梁工程、隧道工程(其中6000m以上隧道三座)和车站,轨道类型为:长度大于6000m以上的隧道内采用双块式无砟轨道,其他地段采用有砟轨道,正线轨道采取一次性铺设跨区间无缝线路。业主不提供工具轨,T梁假设有线下施工单位提前预架,施工过程中开展了两项工作。
工作一:铺轨前一个月,项目经理部与线下施工单位进行了书面资料交接,内容包括:路基、桥梁、隧道及过渡段质量检验合格资料和线路测量资料;然后采用线下施工单位设置的控制桩位,对全线有砟轨道、无砟轨道进行轨道工程的施工控制作业。
工作二:项目经理部确定了基地长钢轨焊接的作业工艺流程,如图3-1所示。

The growth of the use of English as the world’s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades. (46) But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.
Complex international, economic, technological and cultural changes could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breadth of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. (47) His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that, (48) many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.
If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other languages such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.
(49) The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to the UK’s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly £1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related exports earn up to £10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the numbers of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.
The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant: (50) It gives a basis for all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.