语言能力[北京语言大学]
参考答案
参考解析
【分析题】
阅读以下材料，按要求完成教学设计任务。
材料一我们都知道，自然环境为人类发展提供了空气、阳光、水分、土壤等自然条件。人类生存在自然环境之中，人类赖以生存和发展的基本条件都要受其环境的影响。在经济发展的过程中，人口因素突出地表现出其两重性特征：既作为生产者叉作为社会物质财富的消费者而存在。当前.世界人口以每分钟增加150人的速度猛增，每年增加约8 000万人，每12年增加约10亿。据预测，1999年世界人口将达到60亿；2010年为70亿人；2020年达80亿人。不难看出，今天的世界正面临着人口急剧增加的极其严峻的局面。其中，中国的人口数量占世界的1/5。从人类的发展历史来看，一定数量的人口是其生存和发展的基础。但是，人口增长过快，就必然引起资源的快速消耗问题、世界上的再生资源和非再生资源都是有限的.人们不能过度地向自然界攫取资源，更不能恣意破坏生态平衡和稳定。除此之外，人口增长过快过多，又会成为社会、国家的沉重压力，从而出现社会、政治、经济各方面的问题。
材料二“中国的人口”是湘教版初中地理八年级第一章第二节的内容.针对学生的学习能力和基础而言，在此之前，学生已经学习了中国的疆域、行政区划 等方面的基本国情，而且在七年级时已经学习过世界的人口初步知识。自然而然，认识中国的人口现象符合学生的认识逻辑。而且中国的人口增长特点、分布特点等内容是学生对今后学习中国的民族、农业、工业、交通、城市、文化经济建设等人文地理知识的基础和落脚点。
要求.
(1)根据以上材料，写出“中国的人口”一课的三维教学目标和教学重难点。（9分）
(2)试设计“中国的人口”的教学过程。（15分）
(2)流域面积大，泥沙来源广（混沙来自两条河流）；流域内降水量大（两河支流主要分布在喜马拉雅山迎风坡）；夏季降水 集中.降水强度大；流城内地形坡度大；坡地开发，植被破坏，水土流失。
【分析题】
设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一节20分钟的英语阅读课的教案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：
●teaching objectives
●teaching contents
●key and difficult points
●major steps and time allocation
●activities and justifications
教学时间：20分钟
学生概况：某城镇普通中学高中一年级（第一学期）学生。班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》六级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。
语言素材：
Who am I?
Over time I have been changed quite a lot. I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642.
Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums.I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes,I could "think"logically and produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time, it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my "artificial intelligence". In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a"universal machine"to solve any difficult mathematical problem. From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger. However, this reality also worried my designers. As time went by, I was made smaller. First as a PC(personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.
These changes only became possible as my memory improved. First it was stored in tubes, then on transistors and later on very small chips. As a result, I totally changed my shape. As I have grown older I have also grown smaller. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it! But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network. I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web.
Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. I have become very important in communication, finance and trade. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race!
