背景资料：
某施工单位承担了一矿井井底车场的施工任务。开工前，项目经理部编制了施工组织设计，内容包括施工方案、资源供应计划、施工进度计划网络图、质量保证措施、安全保证措施等。加强了全过程成本费用控制，特别加强了人工费控制。
井底车场平面布置示意图部分内容如图1所示，相应的施工进度计划网络图如图2所示，关键线路上的工作由同一个工作队完成，各工作的作业时间均不可压缩。
施工过程中发生如下事件：
事件1：工程进行60d，施工单位月度检查时重点检查了进度计划执行情况，发现：副井重车线1(工作A)和变电所通道(工作D)已完工；副井重车线2(工作L)已完成其工程量的60％；副井空车线(工作B)已完成其工程量的80％；中央变电所(工作E)由于设计变更，尚未开始作业，预计完成设计变更还需要10d。施工单位考虑到工作E的延误将导致后续工作中央泵房(工作J)和泵房通道(工作K)不能正常完成，工程不能按时交付，与各工作队协商并在监理工程师的指令下调整了进度计划，以满足工期要求。经施工单位计算，工作E的延误导致的窝工费和机械设备台班折旧费为30万元，按照调整后进度计划施工将增加投入8万元。
事件2：由于建设单位提供设计资料不及时，导致外水仓(工作H)延误10d，已提前运至现场的施工机械台班折旧费损失2万元，窝工费15万元。
事件3：内水仓(工作I)施工过程中，施工单位设备发生故障，导致该工作延误6d，修理设备花费6万元，增加窝工费8万元。
针对事件1～事件3，施工单位向建设单位提出了索赔。
由于施工时间较长，井下运输车辆已出现不同程度的损坏，有的是前面照明灯不亮，有的是车尾的红灯不亮，有的车辆的制动性能不好。鉴于工程工期紧、施工运输任务重的情况，施工单位把赶进度作为工作重点，加强管理，要求前面照明灯不亮的车辆采用矿灯作前灯，不要开快车。刹车不好的车辆尽可能提前刹车，以免发生危险。确保按合同工期完成施工任务。
（五）
【背景资料】
某铁路局管辖的一主要干线需进行营业线施工。施工范围包括A、B两个区段，其中A段施工内容主要为进行正线道岔的更换，B区段的施工需要一次封锁线路4小时，对信号设备联闭的影响将达到5个小时。铁路局为加强对施工的领导，组织了以路局基建处处长为组长，运输处副处长、管辖该区段的机务段段长为副组长的施工领导小组。同时，由于A区段施工涉及三家施工单位，要综合利用天窗作业，为加强协调，路局决定由运输处王副处长担任施工现场负责人，协调各单位的施工作业，并对施工现场的安全负责。其中挖方路堑在中间，两边为填筑路堤。
（五）背景资料
某公司承建一座城市桥梁工程。该桥跨越山区季节性流水沟谷，上部结构为三跨式钢筋混凝土结构，重力式U 型桥台，基础均采用扩大基础；桥面铺装自下而上为厚8cm 钢筋混凝土整平层+防水层+粘层+厚7cm 沥青混凝土面层；桥面设计高程为99.630m。桥梁立面布置如图5 所示：
项目部编制的施工方案有如下内容：
（1）根据该桥结构特点，施工时，在墩柱与上部结构衔接处（即梁底曲面变弯处）设置施工缝。
（2）上部结构采用碗扣式钢管满堂支架施工方案。根据现场地形特点及施工便道布置情况，采用杂土对沟谷一次性进行回填，回填后经整平碾压，场地高程为90.180m，并在其上进行支架搭设施工，支架立柱放置于20cm*20cm 楞木上。支架搭设完成后采用土袋进行堆载预压。
支架搭设完成后，项目部立即按施工方案要求的预压荷载对支架采用土袋进行堆载预压，期间遇较长时间大雨，场地积水。项目部对支架预压情况进行连续监测，数据显示各点的沉降量均超过规范规定，导致预压失败。此后，项目部采取了相应整改措施，并严格按规范规定重新开展支架施工与预压工作。
Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government’s role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose "fat taxes" on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor did.
The demands follow comments made last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted that government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.
But senior medical figures want to stop fast-food outlets opening near schools, restrict advertising of products high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such as McDonald's.
They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain’s addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or excessive drinking.
"Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Arc we willing to be just as courageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be.” said the leader of (he UK' s children’s doctors.
Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufacturers of crisps and candies could play a central role in the Change 4Life campaign, the centrepiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticized the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver s high-profile attempt to improve school lunches in England as an example of how lecturing people was not the best way to change their behaviour.
Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TV advertisements for foods high in fat, salt or sugar before 9 pm and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas. If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes--by setting strict limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events. he said.
Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald s, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering "inducements such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.
Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: "If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front.
He also urged councils to impose "fast-food -free zones" around schools and hospitals-areas within which takeaways cannot open.
A Department of Health spokesperson said: We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new responsibility deal with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this.
The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade.
| [A] "fat taxes"should be imposed on fast-food producers such as McDonald's |
Andrew Lansley held that | [B] the government should ban fast-food outlets in the neighborhood of schools. |
Terence Stephenson agreed that | [C]“lecturing” was an effective way to improve school lunches in England. |
Jamie Oliver seemed to believe that | [D]cigarette-style warnings should be introduced to children about the dangers of a poor diet |
44 Dinesh Bhugra suggested that | [E] the producers of crisps and candies could contribute significantly to the Change4Life campaign. |
45.A Department of Health spokes person proposed that | [F] parents should set good examples for their children by keeping a healthy diet at home. |
| [G] the government should strengthen the sense of responsibility among businesses |
王先生夫妇今年都刚过40岁，年收入20万元左右，打算60岁退休，估计夫妇退休后第一年生活费为10万元，考虑到通货膨胀的因素，夫妻俩每年的生活费用估计会以每年3％的速度增长。预计两人寿命可达80岁，并且现在拿出10万元作为退休基金的启动资金。夫妻俩均享受国家基本养老保险，退休后夫妻俩每年能拿到大约4万元退休金。夫妻俩在退休前采取较为积极的投资策略，假定回报率为6％，退休后采取较为保守的投资策略，假定回报率为3％。
[A] These tools can help you win every argument--not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about the issues that divide people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments--from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain mutual respect and understanding--then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.
[B] Of course, many discussions are not so successful. Still, we need to be careful not to accuse opponents of bad arguments too quickly. We need to learn how to evaluate them properly. A large part of evaluation is calling out bad arguments, but we also need to admit good arguments by opponents and to apply the same critical standards to ourselves. Humility requires you to recognize weaknesses in your own arguments and sometimes also to accept reasons on the opposite side.
[C] None of these will be easy, but you can start even if others refuse to. Next time you state your position, formulate an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. Next time you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view. Spell out their argument fully and charitably. Assess its strength impartially. Raise objections and listen carefully to their replies.
[D] Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. Your prospects would be almost as dismal if arguments were even just competitions--like, say, tennis games. Paris of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner emerges from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking is why so many people try to avoid arguments, especially about politics and religion.
[E] In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “There is only one way to get the best of an argument--and that is to avoid it.” This aversion to arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes profound problems for our personal and social lives--and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
[F] These views of arguments also undermine reason. If you see a conversation as a fight or competition, you can win by cheating as long as you don’t get caught. You will be happy to convince people with bad arguments. You can call their views stupid, or joke about how ignorant they are. None of these tricks will help you understand them, their positions or the issues that divide you, but they can help you win--in one way.
[G] There is a better way to win arguments. Imagine that you favor increasing the minimum wage in our state, and I do not. If you yell, “Yes,” and I yell. “No,” neither of us learns anything. We neither understand nor respect each other, and we have no basis for compromise or cooperation. In contrast, suppose you give a reasonable argument: that full-time workers should not have to live in poverty. Then I counter with another reasonable argument: that a higher minimum wage will force businesses to employ fewer people for less time. Now we can understand each other’s positions and recognize our shared values, since we both care about needy workers.
甲公司为增值税一般纳税人，主要从事实木地板的生产和销售业务，2022年1月有关经营情况如下：
（1）销售一批自产实木地板，取得不含增值税销售额750万元，另收取包装费15万元。
（2）用一批自产实木地板抵偿所欠乙公司借款，该批实木地板生产成本为60万元，同类实木地板平均不含增值税销售价格为70万元、最高不含增值税销售价格为73 万。
（3）另将自产的实木地板一部分赠送给客户，一部分用于本公司职工宿舍，一部分用于对外投资，一部分用于继续生产实木地板。
（4）进口一批实木地板，海关审定的关税完税价格为20万元，缴纳关税4万元。
已知：实木地板增值税税率为13%,消费税税率、成本利润率均为5%。
要求：
根据上述资料，不考虑其他因素，分析回答下列小题。
计算甲公司业务（2）用于抵偿借款的实木地板应缴纳消费税税额的下列算式中，正确的是（ ）。
【背景资料】
某市自来水厂进行扩建，拟新建沉淀池一座，设计为无盖圆形，直径为30m，池壁采用预制板吊装，外缠预应力钢丝结构，某市政公司承建后，成立了项目经理部，在施工的过程中，发生以下一系列事件：
（1）项目部技术员编写了池壁预制板吊装方案，包含工程概况、主要技术措施、安全措施三个方面。
（2）工程开工前，项目经理组织了图纸会审，项目材料科科长与项目技术负责人根据质量和价格，确定了钢丝供应厂家。
（3）在池壁预制板拼装完成后，板缝采用与池壁预制板强度等级一致的普通混凝上灌注。
（4）壁板缝的混凝土灌注完毕后，立即进行缠丝，缠丝从池壁顶向下进行。
（5）环向预应力施工完毕后，为及时保护缠丝不被污染，立即喷射水泥砂浆保护层。
（6）水池满水试验，向池内注水分二次进行，每次注水为设计水深的1/3，注水时水位上升的速度为3m/d，相邻两次注水的时间大于24h，每次注水测读24h的水位下降值，且蒸发量可忽略不计。
【背景资料】
某施工单位承接一火力发电厂项目，内容有工业管道工程，静置设备，锅炉安装，汽轮发电机组等。
进行阀门安装时，对螺纹方式连接的阀门，施工单位在阀门开启状态下安装，以焊接方式连接的阀门，施工单位在阀门关闭状态下安装，被监理工程师制止。在进行支吊架安装时，由于管道支吊架安装和导向支架安装不符合规范，监理工程师要求整改，施工如下图所示：
在进行管道压力试验前，施工单位做如下准备：
（1）试验范围内的管道安装工程除防腐、绝热外，已按设计图纸全部完成，安装质量符合有关规定。
（2）焊缝及其他待检部位尚未防腐和绝热。
（3）试验方案已批准，并已进行技术安全交底。
（4）在压力试验前，相关资料已经建设单位和有关部门复查。
监理工程师认为压力试验前应具备的条件并不全面，要求补充。
固定顶储罐采用低合金高强钢制作，储罐施工前，施工单位进行了焊接工艺评定，具体如下：
①试件和试样的加工委托 A 公司完成；
②无损检测和理化性能试验委托 B 公司完成；
③焊接工艺评定的关键工作由施工单位自行编制；
④焊接试件由外聘焊接水平高的焊工焊接，被监理工程师制止。施工单位按监理工程师要求改正后，将罐底焊接完毕后发生了延迟裂纹以及焊缝表面不允许存在的缺陷。
施工单位进行汽轮发电机组的轴系对轮中心找正时，严格按照规范要求进行，得到建设和监理单位的表扬。
