【背景材料】
某设备安装工程,项目经理指示项目技术负责人编制施工进度计划,并评估项目总工程,项目技术负责人编制了相应施工进度安排(如图1所示),报项目经理审核。项目经理提出要准备不同详细程度的工作分解计划,并按不同的时间点汇报工作进度情况。
因为本工程采用了某项专利技术,其中工序B、工序F、工序K必须使用某特种设备,且需按“B→F→K”先后顺次施工。该设备在当地仅有一台,租赁价格昂贵,租赁时长计算从进场开始直至设备退场为止,且场内停置等待的时间均按正常作业时间计取租赁费用。
项目技术负责人根据上述特殊情况,对网络图进行了调整,并重新计算项目总工期,报项目经理审批。
项目经理二次审査发现:各工序均按最早开始时间考虑,导致特种设备存在场内停置等待时间。项目经理指示调整各工序的起止时间优化施工进度安排以节约设备租赁成本。
M铁矿为井工矿山,申请安全生产许可证经过应急管理部门检查发现该企业具备如下条件:
(1)安全生产责任制健全,具有完备的安全生产规章制度和操作规程
(2)安全投入符合安全生产要求。
(3)安全生产管理机构和专职安全生产管理人员设置符合要求
(4)主要负责人和安全生产管理人员经考核合格
(5)特种作业人员经由业务主管部门考核合格,取得特种作业操作资格证书。
但应急管理部门认为申请安全生产许可证条件不足,不予颁发安全生产许可证。于是该企业向其他单位借用安全生产许可证进行生产。
该矿井巷采用两侧同时进行爆破相向前进方式,计划在两侧井巷相距8m 时停止其中一个工作面掘进,只进行一侧工作面掘进。在两井巷相距11m时,右侧作业人员因生产需要进行爆破作业。爆破产生的能量巨大,造成右侧井巷产生的飞石砸中正在作业的李某、张某等,其中李某因未戴安全帽,头部受重伤。事故发生后,相关人员立即启动救援预案。
右侧作业队人员王某查看爆破效果,被爆破产生的浓烟熏倒,同队作业人员沈某发现后跑去抢救也被熏倒。李某、王某和沈某随后被送往医院抢救,最终均经抢救无效后死亡,这 3 名工人在此过程中均佩戴防毒面具。在进行事故调查时发现,死亡的 3 名工人虽然佩戴防毒面具,但所佩戴的防毒面具存在严重缺陷,并不能达到防护效果。
根据以上场景,回答下列问题(共22分):
依据《伯尔尼公约》的规定,非该公约成员的国民,其作品首次在公约某一成员国出版,或同时在某一成员国及其他非成员国首次出版,则应在一切成员国中享有( )。
最惠国待遇
优惠待遇
差别待遇
国民待遇
Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John, a local student. Write him an email to
(1) tell him about your living habits, and
(2) ask for advice about living there.
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write your address. (10 points)
Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies, Land Art was one of a range of new forms, including Body Art, Performance Art, Action Art and Installation Art, which pushed art beyond the traditional confines of the studio and gallery. Rather than portraying landscape, land artists used the physical substance of the land itself as their medium.
The message of this survey of the British land art--the most comprehensive to date--is that the British variant, typified by Richard Long’s piece, was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long’s photograph of his work is the work. Since his “action” is in the past, the photograph is its sole embodiment.
That might seem rather an obscure point, but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains a lot of black-and-white photographs and relatively few natural objects.
Long is Britain’s best-known Land Artist and his Stone Circle, a perfect ring of purplish rocks from Portishead beach laid out on the gallery floor, represents the elegant, rarefied side of the form. The Boyle Family, on the other hand, stand for its dirty, urban aspect. Comprising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children, they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls. Their Olaf Street Study, a square of brick-strewn waste ground, is one of the few works here to embrace the commonplaceness that characterises most of our experience of the landscape most of the time.
Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard’s very funny Across the Park, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittingly assaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.
Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the Wiltshire Downs. While it probably wasn’t apparent at the time, much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of Wordsworth would have readily understood. Derek Jarman’s yellow-tinted film Towards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape, evokes a tradition of English landscape painting stretching from Samuel Palmer to Paul Nash.
In the case of Hamish Fulton, you can’t help feeling that the Scottish artist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay. A typical work, such as Seven Days, consists of a single beautiful black-and-white photograph taken on an epic walk, with the mileage and number of days taken listed beneath. British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn’t about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art created passing through. It had its origins in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Turner and Constable.
| [A] originates from a long walk that the artist took. |
Stone Circle | [B] illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art. |
Olaf Street Study | [C] reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition. |
Across the Park | [D] represents the elegance of the British land art. |
Towards Avebury | [E] depicts the ordinary side of the British land art. |
Seven days | [F] embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish outdoors. |
| [G] contains images from different parts of the same photograph. |
【背景资料】
某公司承建一座市政桥梁工程,桥梁上部结构为 9 孔 30m 后张法预应力混凝土 T 梁,桥宽横断面布置 T 梁 12 片,T 梁支座中心线距梁端 600mm,T 梁横截面如图 4-1 所示。

项目部进场后,拟在桥位线路上现有城市次干道旁租地建设 T 梁预制场,平面布置如图 4-2 所示,同时编制了预制场的建设方案:(1)混凝土采用商品混凝土;(2)预制台座数量按预制工期 120 天.每片梁预制占用台座时间为 10 天配置;(3)在 T 梁预制施工时,现浇湿接缝钢筋不弯折,两个相邻预制台座间要求具有宽度 2m 的支模及作业空间;(4)露天钢材堆场经整平碾压后表面铺砂厚50mm;(5)由于该次干道位于城市郊区,预制场用地范围采用高 1.5m 的松木桩挂网围护。


监理审批预制场建设方案时,指出预制场围护不符合规定。在施工过程中发生了如下事件:
事件一:雨季导致现场堆放的钢绞线外包装腐烂破损,钢绞线堆场处于潮湿状态。
事件二:T 梁钢筋绑扎.钢绞线安装.支模等工作完成并检验合格后,项目部开始浇筑 T 梁混凝土,混凝土浇筑采用从一端向另一端全断面一次性浇筑完成
【背景资料】
某新建泵站采用堤后式布置,主要工程内容包括:泵房、进水闸、防洪闸、压力水箱和穿堤涵洞。工程所在地的主汛期为6月~9月。合同双方依据《水利水电工程标准施工招标文件》签订了施工合同。合同部分内容如下:
(1)合同工期18个月,工程计划2012年11月1日开工,2014年4月30日完工;
(2)签约合同价为810万元。
施工中发生如下事件:
事件1:根据施工方案及安全度汛要求,承包人编制了进度计划,并获得监理人批准。其部分进度计划见表1(不考虑前后工作的搭接,每月按30d计)。

事件2:为加强项目部管理,承包人提出更换项目经理并按合同约定的要求履行了相关手续。承包人于2013年2月25日更换了项目经理。
事件3:由发包人组织采购的水泵机组运抵现场,承包人直接与供货方办理了交货验收手续,并将随同的备品备件、专用工器具与资料清点后封存,在泵站安装时,承包人自行启用一封存的专用工器具。
事件4:合同工程完工证书颁发时间为2014年7月10日。承包人在收到合同工程完工证书后,向监理人提交了包括变更及索赔金额、工程预付款扣回等内容的完工付款申请单,最终结算价格为850万元。
某建筑地下2层,地上18层。框架结构。地下建筑面积0.4万m²,地上建筑面积2.1万m²。增值税及附加税率11.5%。
土方挖运综合单价为25元/m³,基坑开挖过程中发现一个混凝土泄洪沟,外围尺寸25×4×4(m)壁厚均为400mm,拆除综合单价为520元/m³。

对于预拌混凝土内石子进行见证取样送检,检验指标:筛分析、含泥量,同时检验了预拌混凝土混凝土坍落度。
屋面保温隔热工程部分方案内容如下:
(1)隔汽层应设置在结构层上、保温层下;
(2)隔汽层应选用耐候性好的材料;
(3)隔汽层应沿周边墙面向上连续铺设,高出保温层上表面不得小于100㎜。
(4)隔汽层施工完毕后,需要进行隐蔽工程验收。
背景:某矿建施工单位的一个掘进工作队正在进行井下运输大巷的施工,施工方法是钻眼爆破、两掘一喷,每天两班掘进、一班支护。该掘进队有关爆破工作的主要内容安排实施如下:
(1)打眼放炮班班长和放炮员负责领取炸药和雷管,并随身携带与其他工人一起乘罐笼到井下工作面。
(2)班长与放炮员负责检查钻眼工作质量,与其他工人一起进行装药连线。装药连线完毕确认无误后,由班长取出放炮器钥匙交给放炮员放炮。
(3)放炮通风后,工人立即进入工作面敲帮问顶,处理危岩。
(4)放炮员整理放炮工具,处理剩余的炸药和雷管,炸药存放在工作面附近的躲避硐室内,雷管存放到井下炸药库。
(5)当工作面出现盲炮时,在距离盲炮 200~300 ㎜的地方钻一倾斜炮眼,眼底与盲炮眼底相聚 100㎜,重新进行装药引爆。
【背景资料】
施工单位承包某工程的施工,与业主签订的承包合同约定:
(1)工程合同价2000万元;若遇合同约定可以调整的费用或材料价格变动时,工程价款采用价格调整公式动态结算。
(2)工程质量保证金按照工程款的3%预留。
(3)该工程的人工费占工程价款的35%,可以调整价格的材料中,水泥占23%, 钢材占12%,石料占8%,砂料占7%,其余不调价的费用等占15%。
(4)开工前项目法人向施工单位支付合同价20%的工程预付款,当工程进度款到合同价的60%时,开始从超过部分的工程结算款中按60%抵扣工程预付款,竣工前全部扣清。
(5)工程进度款逐月结算。