2018年8月，全国人大常委会对《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》作出修改。根据修改后的《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》第六条，居民个人的综合所得，以每一纳税年度的收入额减除费用六万元以及专项扣除、专项附加扣除和依法确定的其他扣除后的余额，为应纳税所得额。其中，专项附加扣除包括子女教育、继续教育、大病医疗、住房贷款利息或者住房租金、赡养老人等支出，具体范围、标准和实施步骤由国务院确定。

2018年12月，国务院印发《个人所得税专项附加扣除暂行办法》，该办法明确了专项附加扣除的范围、标准、方式以及保障措施等内容。

请结合上述材料，根据宪法学理论和实践，回答下列问题：

材料：

小明今年4岁，在幼儿园上课时，老师发现小明很难长时间专注于课堂内容。每当老师开始讲解新知识时，小明总是东张西望，一会儿被窗外的鸟叫声吸引，一会儿又被旁边小朋友的玩具吸引。即使老师使用色彩鲜艳的教具和生动有趣的语言，小明仍然难以保持长时间的注意。

问题:

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.                    

Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier area.s.This shortage enhanced women's status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. (80) The Puritans(清教徒)regarded idleness(无所事事) as a sin, and believed that life in an underdeveloped country made it necessary that each member of the community perform an economic function. Thus work for women was not only approved but also was regarded as a civic（市民的）duty. Puritan town councils（议会） expected widows（寡妇） and independent women to be self-supporting.There was no social prohibition against married women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home.

The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family.The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partly that of shoes was in the hands of women.In addition to these occupations,  women were found in many different kinds of employment.They were butchers, silversmiths and gunsmiths.They ran mills,plantations, shipyards, and every kind of shops.They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, journalists,printers, nurses, and teachers.

【背景资料】某新建保障房住宅小区工程，地下2层，地上 8~10 层，总建筑面积18.5 万平方米。基础采用钢筋混凝土灌注桩，地上为装配式钢筋混凝土结构。

项目部遵循《绿色建造技术导则（试行）》（建办质（2021）9号）规定，结合工程施工需要，积极应用云计算、移动通信、机器人等与绿色建造相关的信息技术。并同专业研究机构合作，在现场示范使用了物料搬运、混凝土整平、钢筋绑扎、场地清扫、钢结构焊接、施工放线等建筑施工机器人（照片见图1），提升了项目绿色建造信息化水平。

项目部编制的施工现场建筑垃圾减量化专项方案中确定：建筑垃圾产生量每万平方米不大于300吨，其中工程渣土和工程泥浆排放量占比不超过30%；对主要的可回收建筑垃圾包括：散落的砂浆和混凝土、剔凿产生的砖石和混凝土碎块、打桩截下的混凝土桩头、砌块碎块等，采用绿色施工新技术措施，实现建筑垃圾源头减量、过程控制和循环利用。

施工单位技术部审查高温天气施工专项方案时，提出了以下问题，要求整改：

①砌体工程预拌砂浆拌制后的使用时间按照产品的凝结时间确定；

②对露天堆放的混凝土用粗、细骨料采取洒水降温措施；

③混凝土选用水化热较高的水泥配制；

④混凝土浇筑宜安排在白天连续浇筑；

⑤防水材料施工环境最高气温不宜超过40℃。

程某颖诉张某、中国人民财产保险股份有限公司南京市分公司机动车交通事故责任纠纷案。

2015 年 7 月 28 日下午，张某通过打车软件接到网约车订单一份。17 时 5 分许，张某驾驶轿车搭载网约车乘客，在行驶途中与原告程某颖驾驶的电动自行车碰撞，致程某颖受伤、车辆损坏。南京市公安局江宁分局交通警察大队出具宁公交证字〔2015〕第 0018 号道路交通事故证明，张某应负事故全部责任。

另涉案轿车所有人为张某，行驶证上的使用性质为 “非营运”, 该车在中国人民财产保险股份有限公司南京市分公司 (简称人保南京分公司) 投保了交强险、保额为 100 万元的商业三者险及不计免赔率险。保单上的使用性质为 “家庭自用汽车”。事故发生后，张某及时报案请求赔偿，人保南京分公司以张某驾驶家庭自用车辆从事营运活动，改变车辆用途，危险程度显著增加为由，在商业三者险范围内拒绝赔偿。双方协商无果，诉至法院。

一审法院认为，本案争议主要是张某的营运行为是否显著增加了保险车辆的危险程度。

首先，张某的行为符合营运的特征，而非家庭自用。其次，张某驾车行驶至前庄路与清水亭东路丁字路口时，往南右转弯的过程中发生交通事故。由于张某居住地在其工作单位的东北方向，其下班路线应是向东及向北，通常情况下不会向南折回。其向南行驶的目的应是将乘客送至目的地；如张某未载客，则其不会向南转弯，本次事故就不会发生，故本次交通事故与张某的载客行为有因果关系。最后，张某的营运行为使被保险车辆危险程度显著增加，张某应当及时通知人保南京分公司，人保南京分公司可以增加保险费或者解除合同并返还剩余保险费。张某未履行通知义务，且其营运行为导致了本次交通事故的发生，人保南京分公司在商业三者险内不负赔偿责任。

问题：

Passage1

     Questions l to 5 are based on the following passage.

     I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived. (76) We had not suffered much from the war there, though like most children of my age, I was used to seeing bombed houses  in the  streets and the enormous army lorries passing_ through.  But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases“before the war" and“when the war's over." "Before the war," apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why, except there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas,'which I had only heard of. When the war was over, we would go back to London, but this meant very little to me. I did not remember what London was like.

       What I remember now about VE Day was the afternoon and the evening. It was a fine May day. I remember coming home at about five o'clock. My father and mother came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to see the bonfire (篝火), so when it got dark my father took me to the end of the street. The bonfire was very high, and some people had collected some old clothes to dress the unmistakable figure with the moustache (小胡子) they had put on top of it.Just as we arrived, they set light to it. The flames rose and soon covered the“guy." Everyone was cheering and shouting, and an old woman came out of her house with two chairs and threw them on the fire to keep the fire going.

       I stood beside my father until the fire started to go down, not knowing what to say. He said nothing either. He had fought in the First World War and. may have been remembering the end of that. At last he said,“Well, that's it, son. Let's hope that this time it really will be the last one."

请认真阅读下列材料，并按要求作答。

动作方法：场地两端线相距30～40米，两组学生为一队，有几支队场地中间就画几条跑道，同队的两组学生分别站在一条跑道的两端线外。从一侧的同学开始，排头学生右手持棒一端，采用站立式起跑和立棒式传接棒方法，教师发令后，向前跑出，把棒传给对面同伴后，站到对面组队尾。依次进行，先跑完的队为胜队。

请根据上述材料完成下列任务：

刘老师讲到“白求恩不远万里来到中国”时，一个学生突然大声说：“那么远?怎么来?是坐飞机，还是坐轮船?”同学们都笑了起来。刘老师也笑了，想了想，向同学们提出了这样几个问题：白求恩来中国的方式可能有哪几种?“不远万里”又该怎样解释?这体现了白求恩的什么精神?经过热烈的讨论，同学们明白了：无论是坐飞机、轮船，还是坐汽车、马车，白求恩不远万里来到中国，这体现了他的国际主义精神。

问题:

请认真阅读下列材料，并按要求作答。

助跑投掷垒球

动作方法(以右手为例):面对投掷方向，右手持球于头的右前方；助跑几步后，迈右腿的同时，上体向右转，右臂靠近身体经下向后引球，左腿迅速向前一步；左脚用力蹬地，右腿迅速向前交叉，当右脚刚一落地，迅速蹬地、转髋、挺胸，同时身体左转，重心前移，左腿积极落地蹬伸，上体向前鞭打，右臂经肩上屈肘向前挥臂，将球快速投出。

请根据上述材料完成下列任务：

甲公司对投资性房地产采用公允价值模式进行后续计量，2023 年至 2024 年与投资性房地产有关的业务资料如下：

(1) 2023 年 3 月 1 日，甲公司将原作为固定资产的一栋写字楼以经营租赁的方式出租。当日，写字楼的公允价值为 16000 万元，该写字楼原值为 15000 万元，已计提累计折旧金额为 3000 万元，未计提减值准备。

(2) 2023 年 3 月 31 日，甲公司收到 3 月～12 月租金 100 万元，并存入银行。

(3) 2023 年 12 月 31 日，该写字楼的公允价值为 17000 万元。

(4) 2024 年 9 月 1 日，租赁期已满，甲公司以 17500 万元的价格出售该写字楼，款项已存入银行。

要求：根据上述资料，不考虑其他因素，分析回答下列小题。本题中的金额单位用万元表示。

材料：

教师为小班幼儿制作了一列 “小火车”，在每节车厢上分别贴了不同品种与数量的 “水果” 标签，要求幼儿能按标签投放 “水果”。

雪儿看看标签，然后往不同的车厢装进与标签品种一样的 “水果”, 每节车厢都装满了 “水果”。

莉莉看着标签，并用手点数标签上的 “水果”, 嘴里还念着数字，然后拿出相应品种和数量的 “水果” 放进车厢。

明明看看标签，就取出相应品种和数量的 “水果” 放进车厢，然后看着车厢里的 “水果”, 自言自语道：“嗯，都放对了。” 

问题：